GAKG-RGEKG an Epitope That Provokes Immune Cross-Reactivity betweenPrevotellasp. and Human Collagen: Evidence of Molecular Mimicry in Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract

Periodontal disease afflicts 20% of world population. This process usually occurs in the form of being lethargic and chronic, and consequently this disease is known as chronic process. All chronic diseases constantly cause activation of the immune system, and therefore the presentation of microbial peptides which are presented to lymphocytes by professional antigen presenting cells can present microbial peptides very similar to important structures of human economy causing autoimmune diseases, process known as molecular mimicry. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the presence of molecular mimicry phenomenon between periodontopathogens and human proteins. Blasting microbes of Socransky periodontal complexes against human collagen were performed and then the proteins with similarities were modelled and were screened in the MHI binding virtual methods. The epitopes selected were produced and plasma of chronic periodontal volunteers was obtained and a dot immunobinding assay was performed. Hypothetical protein of Prevotella sp. and human collagen epitopes with high similarities were positive for dot immunobinding assay. With this result it can be suggested that the mimicry phenomena can occur on periodontal disease.

Visions of Eye Commensals: The Known and the Unknown About How the Microbiome Affects Eye Disease

“…A similar finding was reported in mouse models of multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diabetes . Furthermore, a number of human studies reported mimicry between gut bacteria and candidate antigens involved in human autoimmune diseases . In line with the notion that specific antigens are being recognized by the immune system, several major histocompatibility complex molecules have been linked to various systemic and ocular autoimmune diseases .…”

“…[19,20] Furthermore, a number of human studies reported mimicry between gut bacteria and candidate antigens involved in human autoimmune diseases. [21,22] In line with the notion that specific antigens are being recognized by the immune system, several major histocompatibility complex molecules have been linked to various systemic and ocular autoimmune diseases. [23] Specifically, in uveitis, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complexes have been implicated in disease to include birdshot chorioretinopathy, associated with HLA-A29, [24] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, associated with HLA-DQw3, [25] and acute anterior uveitis, associated with HLA-B27.…”

Trojans in Oral Environments: Evidence of Molecular Mimicry in Oral Immunity

“…Obando-Pereda et al showed that an epitope of Prevotella sp. has high similarity with human collagen report a positive antigen-antibody complex in RA and PD patient's sera [8] ( Table 9).…”

“…Molecular mimicry, term proposed firstly by Damian, is the theoretical probability that exist similarities in the molecular structures (amino acid sequence or conformational structure) between pathogens and the host producing a cross-reactivity immune response turn a defensive immune response into autoimmunity [8,[12][13][14][15][16].…”

“…In this way, inflammation recognized pathogens via toll-like receptors (TLRs) to stimulate an immune response to remove these pathogens from the body [1] and acquired immunity memory by the antigen presentation mechanisms [6]. However, chronic inflammation can last for weeks, months, even years, provoking cycles of injury and healing causing irreversible tissue damage, being a risk factor for the development of autoimmune disease [7,8].…”