Gait speed at usual pace as a predictor of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older people an International Academy on Nutrition and Aging (IANA) Task Force

Kan, Gabor Abellán van; Rolland, Yves; Andrieu, Sandrine; Bauer, Jürgen; Beauchet, Olivier; Bonnefoy, Marc; Cesari, Matteo; Donini, Lorenzo Maria; Gillette-Guyonnet, Sophie; Inzitari, Marco; Nourhashémi, Fati; Onder, Graziano; Ritz, Patrick; Salvà, Antoni; Visser, Marjolein; Vellas, Bruno

doi:10.1007/s12603-009-0246-z

Cited by 1,502 publications

(1,051 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Next, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed in general linear model (GLM) to test the hypothesis that the continuous variables of balance (single-leg stance time), mobility (gait speed and walking index), and physical function (SPPB) were significantly different according to TPPM quintiles. Analogously, multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses that the proportion of participants who reported perceived balance difficulty, those who reported activity restriction due to fear of falling, those with usual walking speed <0.8 m/s which is the cutoff point identifying mobility-related disability (Abellan van Kan et al 2009), and those who failed the narrow-path walking test would be greater with increasingly worse TPPM quintile. All analyses were performed adjusting for age and sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the average usual speed of Q5 was The analyses for single-leg stance, perceived balance difficulty, usual gait speed, walking Index, and SPPB were adjusted for age and sex, and the analyses for fastest gait speed, narrow-path gait speed, and failure on narrow-path test were adjusted for age, sex, and usual gait speed. Finally, as TPPM quintiles were significantly different in maximum grip strength and Blessed Mental test scores, all analyses were further adjusted for these two variables >0.8 m/s which is an indicator of mobility-related disability (Abellan van Kan et al 2009). When the participants were classified using usual walking speed 0.8 m/s as a cutoff, the average TPPM of those with usual walking speed <0.8 m/s was 3.5°.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ankle proprioceptive acuity is associated with objective as well as self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function

Deshpande

Simonsick

Metter

et al. 2016

AGE

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Ankle proprioceptive information is integrated by the central nervous system to generate and modulate muscle contractions for maintaining standing balance. This study evaluated the association of ankle joint proprioception with objective and self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function across the adult life span. Seven hundred and ninety participants (age range 24-97 years, 362 women) who completed ankle proprioception assessment between 2010 and 2014 were included in the present study from the population-based cohort of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), USA. Outcome measures included ankle joint proprioception measured as threshold for perception of passive movement (TPPM); single leg stance time; perceived difficulty for standing balance; usual, fastest, and narrow-path gait speed; walking index; short physical performance battery score; and self-reported activity restriction due to fear of falling. Descriptive variables included age, sex, body mass index, education, strength, and cognition. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) in general linear model (GLM) or multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed, as appropriate, to test the hypothesis that balance, mobility, and physical function were significantly different according to TPPM quintiles even after adjusting for relevant covariates. Those with TPPM >2.2°consistently demonstrated poor balance, mobility, and physical function. However, with increase in challenge (single leg stance, fastest walking speed, and SPPB), TPPM >1.4°was associated with significantly worse performance. In conclusion, ankle proprioceptive acuity has an overall graded relationship with objective and self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function. However, the cutoff proprioceptive acuity associated with substantial decline or inability to perform could depend on the challenge induced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ankle proprioceptive acuity is associated with objective as well as self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function

Deshpande

Simonsick

Metter

et al. 2016

AGE

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“…Therefore, walking speed is an important indicator of health status and function and can be used as a 'vital sign' (Fritz and Lusardi 2009;Studenski et al 2011;Taekema et al 2012). It has been shown that walking speed associates with aspects of poor health status or outcomes in older adults, such as mortality (Abellan van Kan et al 2009;Cesari et al 2005;Newman et al 2006;Toots et al 2013), mobility impairment (Newman et al 2006;Purser et al 2005;Rolland et al 2004), falls (Abellan van Kan et al 2009;Montero-Odasso et al 2005), presence of cognitive impairment (Auyeung et al 2008;Camicioli et al 1998), cardiopulmonary diseases (Dumurgier et al 2010;Ilgin et al 2011;Newman et al 2006;Rosano et al 2011), hospitalization, and nursing home placement (van Abellan et al 2009;Cesari et al 2005;Giuliani et al 2008;MonteroOdasso et al 2005). Cut-off values for walking speed are used for the prediction of aforementioned health outcomes and underpin clinical decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walking speed in elderly outpatients depends on the assessment method

Pasma

Stijntjes

et al. 2014

AGE

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Walking speed is shown to be an important indicator of the health status and function in older adults and part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment in clinical practice. The present study aimed to assess the influence of different assessment methods on walking speed and its association with the key aspects of poor health status, i.e., the presence of low cognitive performance and cardiopulmonary disease. In 288 community-dwelling elderly (mean age 82.2±7.1 years) referred to a geriatric outpatient clinic, walking speed was assessed with the 4-m, 10-m, and 6-min walking tests. The mean walking speed assessed with the 10-m walking test was higher compared to the 4-m and 6-min walking tests (mean difference (95 % CI) 0.11 m/s (0.10; 0.13) and 0.08 m/s (0.04; 0.13), respectively). No significant difference was found in the walking speed assessed with the 4-m compared to the 6-min walking test (mean difference (95 % CI) −0.03 m/s (−0.08; 0.03)). ICCs showed excellent agreement of the 4-m with the 10-m walking test and fair to good agreement of the 6-min with the 4-m as well as 10-m walking test. The presence of low cognitive performance was negatively associated with walking speed, with the highest effect size for the 4-m walking test. The presence of cardiopulmonary disease was negatively associated with walking speed as well, with the highest effect size for the 6-min walking test. In conclusion, in the clinically relevant population of elderly outpatients, walking speed and its interpretation depends on the assessment method, which therefore cannot be used interchangeably in clinical practice.

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“…Slow gait is a pivotal dimension of physical frailty and is more common in persons with clinical and subclinical disease such as cardiovascular disease and is associated with elevated inflammatory cytokines and body composition Newman et al 2006). In 2009, the International Academy on Nutrition and Aging Task Force concluded that gait speed reliably identifies community-dwelling older people at risk of disability, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, falls, and mortality, and can be used as a single-item assessment tool (Abellan van Kan et al 2009). However, the reasons for the close association between gait speed and morbidity are not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and physical mobility in group-housed Old World monkeys

Shively

Willard

et al. 2011

AGE

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While indices of physical mobility such as gait speed are significant predictors of future morbidity/ mortality in the elderly, mechanisms of these relationships are not understood. Relevant animal models of aging and physical mobility are needed to study these relationships. The goal of this study was to develop measures of physical mobility including activity levels and gait speed in Old World monkeys which vary with age in adults. Locomotor behaviors of 21 old (x0 20 yoa) and 24 young (x09 yoa) socially housed adult females of three species were recorded using focal sample and ad libitum behavior observation methods. Selfmotivated walking speed was 17% slower in older than younger adults. Likewise, young adults climbed more frequently than older adults. Leaping and jumping were more common, on average, in young adults, but this difference did not reach significance. Overall activity levels did not vary significantly by age, and there were no significant age by species interactions in any of these behaviors. Of all the behaviors evaluated, walking speed measured in a simple and inexpensive manner appeared most sensitive to age and has the added feature of being least affected by differences in housing characteristics. Thus, walking speed may be a useful indicator of decline in physical mobility in nonhuman primate models of aging.

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Gait speed at usual pace as a predictor of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older people an International Academy on Nutrition and Aging (IANA) Task Force

Cited by 1,502 publications

References 52 publications

Ankle proprioceptive acuity is associated with objective as well as self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function

Ankle proprioceptive acuity is associated with objective as well as self-report measures of balance, mobility, and physical function

Walking speed in elderly outpatients depends on the assessment method

Aging and physical mobility in group-housed Old World monkeys

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