Gait Changes in Adult Onset Hemiplegia

Pinzur, Michael S.; Sherman, Richard; Dimonte-Levine, Phyllis; Trimble, John L.

doi:10.1097/00002060-198710000-00003

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…After 12 months post-surgery, improvements to normalcy in peak values of hip flexion/extension were seen on both sides in SP3 and on the sound side in SP2. Our preoperative results are in agreement with previous studies reporting ranges of hip flexion and/or extension in spastic patients being larger or smaller than those observed in normal subjects (Richards and Knutsson, 1974;Pinzur et al, 1987;Burdett et al, 1988). Hip flexor muscles (i.e., iliopsoas, rectus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius) play a fundamental role in hip extension and flexion during gait (Olney and Richards, 1996), and their impairment can result in abnormal hip motion (Simonsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Surgical Intervention for Spastic Upper Extremity Improves Lower Extremity Kinematics in Spastic Adults: A Collection of Case Studies

AlHakeem

Ouellette

Travascio

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Methods: Three patients with an anoxic brain injury, upper extremity spasticity, and an altered gait participated in this study. A specific treatment plan based on the patient was tailored by the orthopedic hand surgeon to help release the contractures and spastic muscles. Three-dimensional gait analysis was performed before surgery, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. During each experimental session, the patient walked at a self-selected pace in a straight line across four force plates embedded into the floor (Kistler R). Motion data were acquired using Vicon R Motion Capturing System. Spatiotemporal measurements as well as bilateral kinematics of the hip, knee and ankle were studied. The results from matched non-disabled controls were included as reference. Results: Overtime, clinical assessment displayed recovery in hand functions and restored sensation in the fingers. Gait analysis results demonstrated overall improvements in spatiotemporal parameters, specifically in cadence and walking speed. Improvements in kinematics of the lower limbs were also evident. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that, within a timeframe of one year, gait patterns improved in all patients. These observations suggest that, over time, upper limb surgery has the potential to improve the biomechanics of gait in spastic patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Surgical Intervention for Spastic Upper Extremity Improves Lower Extremity Kinematics in Spastic Adults: A Collection of Case Studies

AlHakeem

Ouellette

Travascio

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…The temporal features of hemiplegic gait are characterized by increased stride time and reduced cadence [6,23,24]. Alterations in stance‐phase and swing‐phase periods also have been noted in hemiplegic patients, with increased stance periods being observed in both lower limbs, relative to healthy participants [25]. With the hemiplegic limb, less time is spent in stance and more time is spent in swing [26]; as a result, the unaffected lower extremity exhibits a prolonged period of stance and a reduced period of swing [6].…”

Section: Temporal Features Of Hemiplegic Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Disturbances in Patients With Stroke

Balaban

Tok

2014

PM&R

296

201

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Poststroke hemiplegic gait is a mixture of deviations and compensatory motion dictated by residual functions, and thus each patient must be examined and his/her unique gait pattern identified and documented. Quantitative 3-dimensional gait analysis is the best way to understand the complex multifactorial gait dysfunction in hemiparetic patients. The goals of the present work are to (1) review the temporospatial, kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic deviations from normal gait that commonly occur after stroke and are of clinical significance, along with the most likely causes of these deviations, and (2) differentiate the departures from normal gait parameters that arise as a direct consequence of poststroke motor problems and those that arise as learned or adaptive compensations for poststroke motor problems.

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“…The knee is normally maintained in between 8 to 15 degrees of flexion during loading [8]. However, in patients with stroke, two abnormal knee postures (AKPs) are commonly seen: knee hypoflexion (flexion 58 degrees) [9][10][11] or knee hyperflexion (flexion 415 degrees) [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%