Gadolinium as an MRI Contrast Agent

Kim, Hee Kyung; Lee, Gang Ho; Chang, Yongmin

doi:10.4155/fmc-2017-0215

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gd(III) is characterized by seven unpaired electrons in the valence 4f orbital, while Mn(II) and Fe(III) contains five unpaired electrons in the d subshell. Nevertheless, all of them present high magnetic moments, large longitudinal electronic relaxation times (∼10 −8 s) and no magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field [ 3 , 10 , 14 , 15 ]. There are several transition and lanthanide metals with unpaired electrons, but to be an efficient contrast agent, the electron spin-relaxation time in the metal needs to match the Larmor frequency of the protons [ 2 ].…”

Section: T 1 and T 2 Contrasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free Gd (Gd(III)), for instance, is very toxic and must be administered in its stable form to prevent the release of the metal ion in vivo. As a result, several types of GBCAs have been developed to satisfy these conditions [ 3 , 14 ]. An octadentate polyaminopolycarboxylato-based ligand is present in Gb-based compounds exhibiting the ninth coordination sites available for water linkage.…”

Section: T 1 and T 2 Contrasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful, noninvasive and nondestructive technique, capable of providing three-dimensional (3D) images of living organisms. The use of magnetic contrast agents has allowed clinical researchers and analysts to significantly increase the sensitivity and specificity of MRI, since these agents change the intrinsic properties of the tissues within a living organism, increasing the information present in the images. Advances in nanotechnology and materials science, as well as the research of new magnetic effects, have been the driving forces that are propelling forward the use of magnetic nanostructures as promising alternatives to commercial contrast agents used in MRI. This review discusses the principles associated with the use of contrast agents in MRI, as well as the most recent reports focused on nanostructured contrast agents. The potential applications of gadolinium- (Gd) and manganese- (Mn) based nanomaterials and iron oxide nanoparticles in this imaging technique are discussed as well, from their magnetic behavior to the commonly used materials and nanoarchitectures. Additionally, recent efforts to develop new types of contrast agents based on synthetic antiferromagnetic and high aspect ratio nanostructures are also addressed. Furthermore, the application of these materials in theragnosis, either as contrast agents and controlled drug release systems, contrast agents and thermal therapy materials or contrast agents and radiosensitizers, is also presented.

show abstract

Section: T 1 and T 2 Contrasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T 1 and T 2 Contrasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lanthanides have become of interest to researchers after the observation that Ca 2+ and La 3+ are similar in terms of ionic radii, which led to the idea that La 3+ can replace the former on different physiological binding sites, disrupting different physiological mechanisms [29]. Additionally, with the development of stable MRI contrast agents based on gadolinium (III) chelates [30][31][32] and the ability of Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ luminescent complexes to bind to the "drug site II" of serum albumin [33], the exploitation of chelating properties and luminescent complexes has begun.…”

Section: Metal Complexes Of Quinolones With Lanthanide Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinolone Complexes with Lanthanide Ions: An Insight into their Analytical Applications and Biological Activity

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quinolones comprise a series of synthetic bactericidal agents with a broad spectrum of activity and good bioavailability. An important feature of these molecules is their capacity to bind metal ions in complexes with relevant biological and analytical applications. Interestingly, lanthanide ions possess extremely attractive properties that result from the behavior of the internal 4f electrons, behavior which is not lost upon ionization, nor after coordination. Subsequently, a more detailed discussion about metal complexes of quinolones with lanthanide ions in terms of chemical and biological properties is made. These complexes present a series of characteristics, such as narrow and highly structured emission bands; large gaps between absorption and emission wavelengths (Stokes shifts); and long excited-state lifetimes, which render them suitable for highly sensitive and selective analytical methods of quantitation. Moreover, quinolones have been widely prescribed in both human and animal treatments, which has led to an increase in their impact on the environment, and therefore to a growing interest in the development of new methods for their quantitative determination. Therefore, analytical applications for the quantitative determination of quinolones, lanthanide and miscellaneous ions and nucleic acids, along with other applications, are reviewed here.

show abstract

“…This also proved that our Omn-NPs were gelatinase-stimuli and tumor-specific. Despite recently advanced imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography [19], positron emission tomography (PET) [20], and optical image [21] were used in the diagnosis of OSCC, MRI is still the most widely used and reliable tools for staging head and neck tumors according to the TNM cancer staging system [1] and gadolinium chelates are still the most widely used MRI contrast agents [22].…”

Section: Mr Imaging In Vivo With Omn-nps and Omn As Contrast Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Omniscan-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Tumor-Targeted MRI Contrast Agent in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Gelatinase-Stimuli Strategy

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the tumor-targeted MRI contrast agent was prepared with gelatinase-stimuli nanoparticles (NPs) and Omniscan (Omn) by double emulsion method. The size, distribution, morphology, stability, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency of Omn-NPs were characterized. The macroscopic and microscopic morphological changes of NPs in response to gelatinases (collagenases IV) were observed. The MR imaging using Omn-NPs as a contrast agent was evaluated in the oral squamous cell carcinoma models with Omn as a control. We found clear evidence that the Omn-NPs were transformed by gelatinases and the signal of T1-weighted MRI sequence showed that the tumor-to-background ratio was significantly higher in Omn-NPs than in Omn. The peak point of time after injection was much later for Omn-NPs than Omn. This study demonstrates that Omn-NPs hold great promise as MRI contrast agent with improved specificity and prolonged circulation time based on a relatively simple and universal strategy.

show abstract

Gadolinium as an MRI Contrast Agent

Cited by 47 publications

References 131 publications

Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI

Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI

Quinolone Complexes with Lanthanide Ions: An Insight into their Analytical Applications and Biological Activity

Using Omniscan-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Tumor-Targeted MRI Contrast Agent in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Gelatinase-Stimuli Strategy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About