g-C3N4 based composite photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction

Sun, Zhuxing; Wang, Haiqiang; Wu, Zhongbiao; Wang, Luyao

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2017.05.033

Cited by 274 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…The utilization of carbon dioxide into valuable products has been recently spotlighted due to the worldwide environmental crisis. It is notable that one of the fascinating strategies to remove carbon dioxide is the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into C 1 products, such as methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and so forth 57–59 . However, photocatalytic CO 2 reduction is not energetically favorable because it is generally operated in aqueous media containing carbonate ions.…”

Section: Applications In Photocatalytic Co2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is notable that one of the fascinating strategies to remove carbon dioxide is the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into C 1 products, such as methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and so forth. [57][58][59] However, photocatalytic CO 2 reduction is not energetically favorable because it is generally operated in aqueous media containing carbonate ions. In detail, hydrogen production reaction and CO 2 conversion reaction compete together at the same catalyst surface because the standard reduction potential of CO 2 into C 1 products is closely located at the reduction potential of water ( Figure 4A).…”

Section: Applications In Photocatalytic Co 2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

et al. 2020

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Among the substantial amount of photocatalyst materials, TiO2 has been enthusiastically studied for a few decades due to its outstanding photocatalytic activity and stability. Recently, black TiO2 consisting of approximately 2 nm of thin disorder layer around the surface showed surprisingly high solar hydrogen generation ability. The disorder layer of TiO2 can enhance its light absorption, charge separation, and surface reaction abilities, however exact fundamentals of photocatalytic water‐splitting pathways are still ambiguous. Herein, recent progress and investigations on exact functions of disorder layer and its application in photocatalytic CO2 reduction will be discussed. Throughout the comprehensive studies on disorder layer of TiO2, disorder engineering on photocatalyst materials will suggest the further extension of developing solar‐fuel production technologies.

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Section: Applications In Photocatalytic Co2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications In Photocatalytic Co 2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

et al. 2020

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“…

has become a star in water splitting [3][4][5][6][7] and CO 2 reduction. [8][9][10] Although many studies have been widely carried out, its CO 2 reduction performance is still far from the actual application requirements and the product is mainly CO (2-electron reduction product), [11,12] due to the high recombination rate of charge carriers and low reaction dynamics. [13][14][15][16] It is well known that electrons are generally excited from N atoms to C atoms in g-C 3 N 4 .

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confidence: 99%

Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Dopant Induced Charge Localization for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO₂ to CH₄

et al. 2019

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The photoreduction of CO2 to hydrocarbon products has attracted much attention because it provides an avenue to directly synthesize value‐added carbon‐based fuels and feedstocks using solar energy. Among various photocatalysts, graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has emerged as an attractive metal‐free visible‐light photocatalyst due to its advantages of earth‐abundance, nontoxicity, and stability. Unfortunately, its photocatalytic efficiency is seriously limited by charge carriers′ ready recombination and their low reaction dynamics. Modifying the local electronic structure of g‐C3N4 is predicted to be an efficient way to improve the charge transfer and reaction efficiency. Here, boron (B) is doped into the large cavity between adjacent tri‐s‐triazine units via coordination with two‐coordinated N atoms. Theoretical calculations prove that the new electron excitation from N (2px, 2py) to B (2px, 2py) with the same orbital direction in B‐doped g‐C3N4 is much easier than N (2px, 2py) to C 2pz in pure g‐C3N4, and improves the charge transfer and localization, and thus the reaction dynamics. Moreover, B atoms doping changes the adsorption of CO (intermediate), and can act as active sites for CH4 production. As a result, the optimal sample of 1%B/g‐C3N4 exhibits better selectivity for CH4 with ≈32 times higher yield than that of pure g‐C3N4.

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“…Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) is an economic metal‐free semiconductor with a good chemical stability, low cost, and visible‐light response. It has shown intriguing performance for a series of photocatalytic reactions including hydrogen production from water, environmental remediation, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction . However, unlike the effective semiconductor catalysts previously reported for photocatalytic CH 4 conversion, the band structure of g‐CN does not possess sufficient oxidizing potential for the generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) from water, which was regarded indispensable for the activation of CH 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The special route toward conversion of methane to methanol on a fluffy metal‐free carbon nitride photocatalyst in the presence of H ₂ O ₂

et al. 2020

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Summary A fluffy mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) was synthesized and investigated, as the first metal‐free polymeric semiconductor photocatalyst, for partial oxidation of methane to methanol at a mild condition (35°C) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The addition of g‐CN photocatalyst enhanced the methanol production with H2O2 by 10 times under visible light and this production was 3‐folds that when WO3 was used. Besides, while attaining a comparable saturated production of CH3OH, the visible‐light‐driven reactions allowed a higher utilization ratio of H2O2 compared with those under the irradiation of simulated AM1.5G sunlight. More importantly, via electron spin resonance technique, scavenger experiments and isotope tracer investigations, as well as studies on the effects of reaction condition variations, the specific reaction mechanisms were revealed under both visible light and simulated full sunlight, respectively, which should shed some new insights on photocatalytic oxidation of CH4 to value‐added chemicals.

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g-C3N4 based composite photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction

Cited by 274 publications

References 180 publications

Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Dopant Induced Charge Localization for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO₂ to CH₄

The special route toward conversion of methane to methanol on a fluffy metal‐free carbon nitride photocatalyst in the presence of H ₂ O ₂

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g-C3N4 based composite photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction

Cited by 274 publications

References 180 publications

Black TiO2: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Black TiO2: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Dopant Induced Charge Localization for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO2 to CH4

The special route toward conversion of methane to methanol on a fluffy metal‐free carbon nitride photocatalyst in the presence of H 2 O 2

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Product

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Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Black TiO₂: What are exact functions of disorder layer

Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Dopant Induced Charge Localization for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO₂ to CH₄

The special route toward conversion of methane to methanol on a fluffy metal‐free carbon nitride photocatalyst in the presence of H ₂ O ₂