Future Industrial Networks in Process Automation: Goals, Challenges, and Future Directions

Åkerberg, Johan; Åkesson, Johan; Gade, Jorgen; Vahabi, Maryam; Björkman, Mats; Lavassani, Mehrzad; Gore, Rahul; Lindh, Thomas; Jiang, Xiaolin

doi:10.3390/app11083345

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Electronics 2024, 13, 782 4 of 34 automation, enabled by the extensive use of these new technologies, which allows for highly advanced configurations of automated production [18]. Such is the relevance of this revolution that, in fact, the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing lockdowns highlighted the necessity of updating and modernizing systems to address tasks remotely [19], as well as achieving greater flexibility, agility and resilience through digital transformation [20], which is directly related to Industry 4.0 and its associated technologies.…”

Section: Industrial Revolutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Industry 4.0 from the Perspective of Automation and Supervision Systems: Definitions, Architectures and Recent Trends

Folgado,

Calderón,

González

et al. 2024

Electronics

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Industry 4.0 is a new paradigm that is transforming the industrial scenario. It has generated a large amount of scientific studies, commercial equipment and, above all, high expectations. Nevertheless, there is no single definition or general agreement on its implications, specifically in the field of automation and supervision systems. In this paper, a review of the Industry 4.0 concept, with equivalent terms, enabling technologies and reference architectures for its implementation, is presented. It will be shown that this paradigm results from the confluence and integration of both existing and disruptive technologies. Furthermore, the most relevant trends in industrial automation and supervision systems are covered, highlighting the convergence of traditional equipment and those characterized by the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper is intended to serve as a reference document as well as a guide for the design and deployment of automation and supervision systems framed in Industry 4.0.

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Section: Industrial Revolutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Industry 4.0 from the Perspective of Automation and Supervision Systems: Definitions, Architectures and Recent Trends

Folgado,

Calderón,

González

et al. 2024

Electronics

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“…Another example of this kind of OPC UA application is presented in [ 16 ]. Generally, integrating different communication systems in industrial systems is recognized as the main goal in future process automation [ 17 ].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The convergence of Profinet and the OPC UA protocol was discussed in [ 17 ]. However, here, while an IT network was integrated with an OT network these two protocols were assigned to separate VLANs.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Shared Wireless Communication Systems—Use Case of Autonomous Guided Vehicles with Collaborative Robot

Stój

Fojcik

Cupek

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Dedicated fieldbuses were developed to provide temporal determinisms for industrial distributed real-time systems. In the early stages, communication systems were dedicated to a single protocol and generally supported a single service. Industrial Ethernet, which is used today, supports many concurrent services, but usually only one real-time protocol at a time. However, shop-floor communication must support a range of different traffic from messages with strict real-time requirements such as time-driven messages with process data and event-driven security messages to diagnostic messages that have more relaxed temporal requirements. Thus, it is necessary to combine different real-time protocols into one communication network. This raises many challenges, especially when the goal is to use wireless communication. There is no research work on that area and this paper attempts to fill in that gap. It is a result of some experiments that were conducted while connecting a Collaborative Robot CoBotAGV with a production station for which two real-time protocols, Profinet and OPC UA, had to be combined into one wireless network interface. The first protocol was for the exchange of processing data, while the latter integrated the vehicle with Manufacturing Execution System (MES) and Transport Management System (TMS). The paper presents the real-time capabilities of such a combination—an achievable communication cycle and jitter.

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“…This is primarily because malicious software or virus attacks can access different machines and affect the manufacturing activities running on the same network infrastructure. Similarly, the transition to more open network architectures brings new security challenges to smart factory systems, primarily due to the huge amounts of connecting IoT devices such as sensors, actuators, and edge-computing units, along with other end devices in automated information networks [19]. In this regard, most previous and ongoing activities try to envision general architectures to simulate and optimize processes in smart factories.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Security and Safety for Factories of the Future

Maia

Wannous

Dias

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The accelerating transition of traditional industrial processes towards fully automated and intelligent manufacturing is being witnessed in almost all segments. This major adoption of enhanced technology and digitization processes has been originally embraced by the Factories of the Future and Industry 4.0 initiatives. The overall aim is to create smarter, more sustainable, and more resilient future-oriented factories. Unsurprisingly, introducing new production paradigms based on technologies such as machine learning (ML), the Internet of Things (IoT), and robotics does not come at no cost as each newly incorporated technique poses various safety and security challenges. Similarly, the integration required between these techniques to establish a unified and fully interconnected environment contributes to additional threats and risks in the Factories of the Future. Accumulating and analyzing seemingly unrelated activities, occurring simultaneously in different parts of the factory, is essential to establish cyber situational awareness of the investigated environment. Our work contributes to these efforts, in essence by envisioning and implementing the SMS-DT, an integrated platform to simulate and monitor industrial conditions in a digital twin-based architecture. SMS-DT is represented in a three-tier architecture comprising the involved data and control flows: edge, platform, and enterprise tiers. The goal of our platform is to capture, analyze, and correlate a wide range of events being tracked by sensors and systems in various domains of the factory. For this aim, multiple components have been developed on the basis of artificial intelligence to simulate dominant aspects in industries, including network analysis, energy optimization, and worker behavior. A data lake was also used to store collected information, and a set of intelligent services was delivered on the basis of innovative analysis and learning approaches. Finally, the platform was tested in a textile industry environment and integrated with its ERP system. Two misuse cases were simulated to track the factory machines, systems, and people and to assess the role of SMS-DT correlation mechanisms in preventing intentional and unintentional actions. The results of these misuse case simulations showed how the SMS-DT platform can intervene in two domains in the first scenario and three in the second one, resulting in correlating the alerts and reporting them to security operators in the multi-domain intelligent correlation dashboard.

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Future Industrial Networks in Process Automation: Goals, Challenges, and Future Directions

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Review of Industry 4.0 from the Perspective of Automation and Supervision Systems: Definitions, Architectures and Recent Trends

Review of Industry 4.0 from the Perspective of Automation and Supervision Systems: Definitions, Architectures and Recent Trends

Industrial Shared Wireless Communication Systems—Use Case of Autonomous Guided Vehicles with Collaborative Robot

Holistic Security and Safety for Factories of the Future

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