Future Directions for Dementia Risk Reduction and Prevention Research: An International Research Network on Dementia Prevention Consensus

Anstey, Kaarin J.; Peters, Ruth; Zheng, Lidan; Barnes, Deborah E.; Brayne, Carol; Brodaty, Henry; Chalmers, John; Clare, Linda; Dixon, Roger A.; Dodge, Hiroko H.; Lautenschlager, Nicola T.; Middleton, Laura; Qiu, Chengxuan; Rees, Glenn; Shahar, Suzana; Yaffe, Kristine

doi:10.3233/jad-200674

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We used a web-based dataset to enable a large-scale investigation of eight modifiable risk factors and cognitive performance over the adult lifespan. Past studies have been instrumental in demonstrating the prevalence and dose-response association of risk factors in older adults [12,15], which we build on to show that risk factor prevalence and the dose-response association varies over the adult lifespan. Our results extend previous findings to show that risk factors are more prevalent as age increases, and also show a larger dose-response association with cognition as age increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used cross-sectional data, which offers correlational associations between risk factors and cognitive outcomes. Past work has indicated that observational effects are not always replicated in experimental studies [12,42]. However, a meta-analysis confirmed a consistent causal effect of risk factors on longitudinal cognitive decline and incident dementia in people with no cognitive decline at baseline (n> 40,000 [15]).…”

Section: The Dose-response Association Of Risk Factors and Cognition Differs With Agementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The effects of individual modifiable risk factors on accelerated cognitive decline and dementia have been established [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Recent research has moved from a focus on individual risk factors towards a broader consideration of the cumulative impact of multiple factors [12].…”

Section: Lifespan Cognitive Effects Of Dementia Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model developed by the Commissions [1,3] takes a life-course perspective, which considers dementia as a product of the accumulation of risk factors over life (See [17] for details on a life-course perspective). Nevertheless, reviews on modifiable risk factor studies show that prevalence and dose-response data are minimal to non-existent in young and middle-aged adults [12,15,18]. Previous work has offered promising insights on risk factor prevalence and doseresponse effects among older adults [1,15,18], offering an opportunity to study whether this extends to young and middle-aged adults.…”

Section: Lifespan Cognitive Effects Of Dementia Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The adverse effect of modifiable dementia risk factors on cognition amplify across the adult lifespan

LaPlume¹,

McKetton²,

Levine³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Modifiable lifestyle behaviours can reduce dementia risk by 40%, but their prevalence and association with cognition throughout the adult lifespan is less well understood. Methods: Associations between eight modifiable risk factors for dementia (low education, hypertension, hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, alcohol or substance abuse, diabetes, smoking, and depression) and cognition were examined in an online sample (N = 22,117, aged 18-89). Findings: Older adults (ages 66-89) had more risk factors than middle-aged (ages 45-65) and younger adults (ages 18-44). Polynomial regression revealed each additional risk factor was associated with a drop in cognitive performance (equivalent to three years of aging), with a larger association as age increased. People with no risk factors in their forties to seventies showed similar cognitive performance to people ten or twenty years younger with many risk factors. Interpretation: Modifiable dementia risk factors may be more important than age in predicting cognitive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Dose-response Association Of Risk Factors and Cognition Differs With Agementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Lifespan Cognitive Effects Of Dementia Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lifespan Cognitive Effects Of Dementia Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The adverse effect of modifiable dementia risk factors on cognition amplify across the adult lifespan

LaPlume¹,

McKetton²,

Levine³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The population attributable fraction of risk (which combines the relative risk with prevalence) for independent risk factors ranges from 1% (obesity, diabetes) to 8% (hearing loss) [ 7 ]. Behavioral and lifestyle factors can co-occur and the interplay between multiple risk factors is not yet well understood [ 9 , 10 ]. Models with Australian data that account for nonindependence suggest that reducing the rate of each risk factor by 20% could reduce the prevalence of dementia by up to 30% by 2050 [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for a Prospective Web-Based Cohort Study

Bartlett¹,

Doherty²,

Farrow³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioral and lifestyle factors. Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed. Objective We aim to increase dementia risk knowledge and promote changes in dementia risk behaviors at individual and population levels. Methods The Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a long-term prospective, web-based cohort study with nested interventions that will be conducted over a 10-year period. Target participants (n=10,000) reside in Tasmania and are aged 50 years or over. Survey data on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to modifiable dementia risk factors will be collected annually. After each survey wave, participants will be provided with a personalized dementia risk profile containing guidelines for reducing risk across 9 behavioral and lifestyle domains and with opportunities to engage in educational and behavioral interventions targeting risk reduction. Survey data will be modeled longitudinally with intervention engagement indices, cognitive function indices, and blood-based biomarkers, to measure change in risk over time. Results In the initial 12 months (October 2019 to October 2020), 6410 participants have provided baseline data. The study is ongoing. Conclusions Recruitment targets are feasible and efforts are ongoing to achieve a representative sample. Findings will inform future public health dementia risk reduction initiatives by showing whether, when, and how dementia risk can be lowered through educational and behavioral interventions, delivered in an uncontrolled real-world context. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34688

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Association between metabolic syndrome and risk of incident dementia in UK Biobank

Qureshi,

Collister,

Allen

et al. 2023

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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INTRODUCTIONThe association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and incident dementia remains inconclusive.METHODSIn 176,249 dementia‐free UK Biobank participants aged ≥60 years at baseline, Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to investigate the association between MetS and incident dementia. MetS was defined as the presence of ≥3 of the following: elevated waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, blood glucose, and reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.RESULTSOver 15 years of follow‐up (median = 12.3), 5255 participants developed dementia. MetS was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.18). The association remained consistent when restricting to longer follow‐up intervals: >5 to 10 years (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.27) and >10 years (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.32). Stronger associations were observed in those with ≥4 MetS components and in apolipoprotein‐E (APOE)‐ε4 non‐carriers.DISCUSSIONIn this large population‐based prospective cohort, MetS was associated with an increased risk of dementia.Highlights MetS was associated with a 12% increased risk of incident all‐cause dementia. Associations remained similar after restricting the analysis to those with longer follow‐up. The presence of four or five MetS components was significantly associated with dementia. Stronger associations were observed in those with a low genetic risk for dementia.

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Future Directions for Dementia Risk Reduction and Prevention Research: An International Research Network on Dementia Prevention Consensus

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

The adverse effect of modifiable dementia risk factors on cognition amplify across the adult lifespan

The adverse effect of modifiable dementia risk factors on cognition amplify across the adult lifespan

Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for a Prospective Web-Based Cohort Study

Association between metabolic syndrome and risk of incident dementia in UK Biobank

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