Fused deposition modelling of PLA reinforced with cellulose nano-crystals

Kumar, Sudhir; Venkadeshwaran, K.; Aravindan, M K

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.404

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…PLA is popular for 3D printing due to its affordability, renewability (e.g., derived from corn or sugar cane), and biocompatibility [ 7 , 20 , 21 ]. PLA contains repeating lactic acid units as depicted in Figure 1 , and can include both D- and L-stereoisomers, or be enantiomerically pure (e.g., PLLA contains only L stereocenters).…”

Section: Poly(lactic Acid) (Pla): 3d Printing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increasingly attractive nanofiller for PLA-based materials is cellulose. Cellulose, a biodegradable material, is the most abundant natural polymer shown in Figure 3 , and forms a fully biodegradable nanocomposite when incorporated into PLA [ 7 ]. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), in particular, attract attention as an additive because of their strength, low weight, transparency, and biocompatibility [ 24 ].…”

Section: Cellulose-based Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most common methods of 3D printing—fused deposition modeling (FDM), also known as fused filament fabrication—uses layer-by-layer addition of polymeric materials to form a completed piece. This addition is facilitated by computer-aided design, which instructs the printer where to add polymer [ 7 ]. FDM involves drawing a filament through a heated extrusion head, which deposits the molten polymer onto a bed where the 3D-printed part forms [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This addition is facilitated by computer-aided design, which instructs the printer where to add polymer [ 7 ]. FDM involves drawing a filament through a heated extrusion head, which deposits the molten polymer onto a bed where the 3D-printed part forms [ 7 , 8 ]. The FDM process requires specific parameters for drawability and processability that influence not only the filament production but also the layer deposition during printing [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FDM process requires specific parameters for drawability and processability that influence not only the filament production but also the layer deposition during printing [ 9 ]. For viable printing, the extruded material must have a low melting temperature and fast solidification time [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

Bardot

Schülz

2020

Nanomaterials

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3D printing by fused deposition modelling (FDM) enables rapid prototyping and fabrication of parts with complex geometries. Unfortunately, most materials suitable for FDM 3D printing are non-degradable, petroleum-based polymers. The current ecological crisis caused by plastic waste has produced great interest in biodegradable materials for many applications, including 3D printing. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), in particular, has been extensively investigated for FDM applications. However, most biodegradable polymers, including PLA, have insufficient mechanical properties for many applications. One approach to overcoming this challenge is to introduce additives that enhance the mechanical properties of PLA while maintaining FDM 3D printability. This review focuses on PLA-based nanocomposites with cellulose, metal-based nanoparticles, continuous fibers, carbon-based nanoparticles, or other additives. These additives impact both the physical properties and printability of the resulting nanocomposites. We also detail the optimal conditions for using these materials in FDM 3D printing. These approaches demonstrate the promise of developing nanocomposites that are both biodegradable and mechanically robust.

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Section: Poly(lactic Acid) (Pla): 3d Printing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cellulose-based Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

Bardot

Schülz

2020

Nanomaterials

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A short review on fused deposition modeling 3D printing of bio‐based polymer nanocomposites

Mandala

Bannoth

Akella³

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Fused deposition modeling (FDM), one among the most commonly used additive manufacturing (AM), techniques has been widely used in recent years to produce customized parts with intricate geometries, especially from thermoplastics. This method was limited in its ability to produce parts for industrial applications due to inferior properties and the poor quality of fabricated parts. Hence, researchers are being driven to discover novel materials that are viable for FDM in order to keep up with enormous demand for functional products. In the recent years, it is widely recognized that the emphasis was placed on the bio‐based polymer composite matrices rather than conventional thermoplastics due to its vital advantages that aid in the replacement of synthetic and perilous materials. On this context, this review focuses on the recent advancements in FDM printing with biomaterials. Specifically, attempts have been made to investigate and provide nutshell of 3D printing of current bio‐based nanocomposites which consist of either bio‐derived filler or polymer matrices in order to make 3D printing sustainable. The effect of fillers on the filaments and FDM based products, evolution of novel characteristics of bio nanocomposites, the printability of the developed composites and their development in leading applications were also investigated and summarized.

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A comprehensive review on natural fillers reinforced polymer composites using fused deposition modeling

et al. 2023

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is being used more widely because of the simplicity of the operating procedures. It decreases material consumption during part production and eliminates material waste. Fused deposition modeling (FDM), a well‐known AM process, uses thermoplastic polymer as a feedstock to manufacture the end design. Pure thermoplastic‐based products are still utilized as prototypes in several sectors due to their lack of strength and durability. This problem has been solved by strengthening the thermoplastics by adding a reinforcing element. Composites are made of polymers and various constituents known as reinforcing components. This article overviews natural reinforced polymer composites used in the FDM process. Mechanical and Thermal properties are presented based on natural filler percentage, and this article only considered natural composite filaments for the FDM process.

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Fused deposition modelling of PLA reinforced with cellulose nano-crystals

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

A short review on fused deposition modeling 3D printing of bio‐based polymer nanocomposites

A comprehensive review on natural fillers reinforced polymer composites using fused deposition modeling

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