Fusarium spp. associated with Chenopodium quinoa crops in Colombia

Abstract

Quinoa is a plant commonly-resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic factors. However, this crop can be affected by phytopathogenic fungi. There is a lack of knowledge about the fungi associated with quinoa plants in Colombia. Through morphological and molecular identification in this study were identified four Fusarium species associated with quinoa crops: Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equiseti, and Fusarium culmorum. For this, we collected samples of panicles, leaf tissue, root tissue, and soil for isolation of different isolates of Fusarium. We performed a pathogenicity test of the fungi strains, under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the pathogenicity in seedlings of the Piartal cultivar with two inoculation methods. First inoculating the stem through a nodal wound or second inoculating the abaxial face with a brush. The results indicate the presence of four species with both molecular markers, phylogenetically distributed in these groups. The four species turned out to be pathogenic but with different degrees of virulence with significant differences between F. graminearum and F. oxysporum depending on the inoculation method. This is the first report on the presence of Fusarium species isolated from Quinoa in Colombia.

Combined analysis of microRNA and mRNA profiles provides insights into the pathogenic resistant mechanisms of the lotus rhizome rot

“…Such fungal diseases also occur in the strawberry industry (Henry et al, 2019). The cause of the disease is complex and makes the plant easy to reinvade by some highly saprophytic pathogens that cause complex symptoms, so it is difficult to control (Fonseca‐Guerra et al, 2022). Although the use of biological control agents and resistant varieties is the most common practice for effective blight management.…”

Marketed Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Seeds: A Mycotoxin-Free Matrix Contaminated by Mycotoxigenic Fungi

“…and BenA and CaM ( Aspergillus spp.). For each genus, the sequences of the isolates obtained in the present investigation, as well as those of representative isolates obtained from Genbank, including those of the main Alternaria ( Table S3 ), Penicillium ( Table S4 ), Aspergillus ( Table S5 ), Cladosporium ( Table S6 ) and Fusarium ( Table S7 ) species reported in the literature on C. quinoa ( Table S8 ) [ 18 , 19 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], were used. Moreover, Stemphylium herbarum CBS 191.86 [ 31 ], Talaromyces flavus CBS 310.38 [ 30 ], Cercospora beticola CBS 116,456 [ 56 ] and Neurospora crassa OR74A [ 57 ] were included as outgroups for phylogenetic analysis of Alternaria , Aspergillus and Penicillium , Cladosporium and Fusarium , respectively.…”