Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 is a non-beneficial endophyte that interacts with Radopholus similis in a wilt disease complex of banana

Ochieno, Dennis M.W.

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01014

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This still indicates the presence of pest-inhibitive biota in non-sterile soil (Kaushal et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020), which may have included Trichoderma spp., Rhizoctonia spp., and other Fusarium species that inhibited F. oxysporum V5w2 in vitro, as well as fungivore invertebrates including the saprophytic nematodes that were not identified in the present study. Inoculation of banana plants with F. oxysporum V5w2 has been found to result in wilt disease symptoms, especially when nutrient supply is limited or the plants are older (Ochieno, 2010(Ochieno, , 2020(Ochieno, , 2021. This was not the case in the present study, probably due to the fact that the banana plants had been maintained under adequate nutrient supply while the experimental period was relatively short.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…However, future research is still necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning nematode suppression and increased banana yield observed after treatment with F. oxysporum V5w2 (Kisaakye et al, 2022). Besides this, F. oxysporum V5w2 has been reported to be a non-beneficial endophyte that interacts with R. similis in a wilt disease complex of banana (Ochieno, 2020(Ochieno, , 2021. Therefore, more information has still been pending in the registration of F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biopesticide through the Kenya Standing Technical Committee on Imports and Exports of live organisms (KSTCIE) (Hoeschle-Zeledon et al, 2013;Avedi et al, 2014;KEPHIS, 2014;Ochieno, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Sterilization Eliminates Beneficial Microbes That Provide Natural Pest Suppression Ecosystem Services Against Radopholus similis and Fusarium Oxysporum V5w2 in the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Tissue Culture Banana Plants

Ochieno

2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Endosphere and rhizosphere microbes offer plant growth promotion and pest suppression ecosystem services in banana-based agroecosystems. Interest has been growing towards the use of such beneficial microbes in protecting vulnerable tissue culture banana plants against pathogens such as Radopholus similis and Fusarium oxysporum. A screenhouse experiment with potted tissue culture banana plants was conducted using sterile and non-sterile soil to investigate the effect of soil biota on R. similis and F. oxysporum strain V5w2. Plants grown in non-sterile soil had lower damage and R. similis density in roots and rhizosphere, while most plant growth-related parameters including root freshweight, shoot freshweight, total freshweight, plant height, and leaf size were larger compared to those from sterile soil. Shoot dryweight and Mg content were higher in plants from sterile soil, while their leaves developed discolored margins. R. similis-inoculated plants in sterile soil were smaller, had more dead roots, higher nematode density, and produced fewer and smaller leaves, than those from non-sterile soil. For all plant growth-related parameters, nematode density and root damage, no differences were recorded between controls and F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculated plants; and no differences between those inoculated with R. similis only and the ones co-inoculated with the nematode and F. oxysporum V5w2. Banana roots inoculated with F. oxysporum V5w2 were lighter in color than those without the fungus. Independent or combined inoculation of banana plants with F. oxysporum V5w2 and R. similis resulted in lower optical density of root extracts. In vitro assays indicated the presence of Fusarium spp. and other root endophytic microbes that interacted antagonistically with the inoculated strain of F. oxysporum V5w2. It is concluded that, soil sterilization eliminates beneficial microbes that provide natural pest suppression ecosystem services against R. similis and F. oxysporum in the endosphere and rhizosphere of tissue culture banana plants. I recommend the integration of microbiome conservation into tissue culture technology through the proposed “Tissue Culture Microbiome Conservation Technology.”

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Sterilization Eliminates Beneficial Microbes That Provide Natural Pest Suppression Ecosystem Services Against Radopholus similis and Fusarium Oxysporum V5w2 in the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Tissue Culture Banana Plants

Ochieno

2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…Densities of R. similis, Meloidogyne sp., and Pratylenchus sp. have also been found to increase in roots of F. oxysporum-inoculated field-grown banana plants (Ochieno, 2010(Ochieno, , 2020(Ochieno, , 2021. Such trends in R. similis and Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Potassium deficiency appears to provide physiological conditions that favor pathogenicity of F. oxysporum V5w2 by constraining plant growth, especially in terms of leaf development. These are part of issues that could inform the application of microbial services in Sustainable Food Systems (Timmis et al, 2017), particularly in the pending decision on registration of F. oxysporum V5w2 as a commercial biopesticide (Dubois et al, 2006(Dubois et al, , 2011zum Felde, 2011;Ochieno, 2020Ochieno, , 2021Kisaakye et al, 2022), in line with International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) among other related policies (Wabule et al, 2003;Avedi et al, 2014;KEPHIS, 2014;FAO-ISPM, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Microbes Determine Outcomes of Pathogenic Interactions Between Radopholus similis and Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 in Tissue Culture Banana Rhizospheres Starved of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium

Ochieno

2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The contributions of soil biota toward outcomes of pathogenic interactions between Radopholus similis and Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 in tissue culture banana plants starved of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were investigated. The study was based on three screenhouse factorial experiments (2 × 2 × 2) comprising of potted banana plants with or without R. similis, with or without F. oxysporum V5w2, and either grown in sterile or non-sterile soil. All plants in each of the three experiments received nutrient solutions that were deficient in N, P, or K, respectively. In all the three nutritional regimes, plants inoculated with R. similis were heavily colonized by the nematode with high percentage dead roots and necrosis, while their root biomasses were low. N-starved plants co-inoculated with R. similis and F. oxysporum V5w2 had lower percentage dead roots and tended to have numerically lower nematode density compared to those treated with R. similis only, especially in non-sterile soil. N-starved plants inoculated with R. similis had higher shoot dry weight, were taller with more leaves that were larger, compared to those not inoculated with the nematode. Plants grown in non-sterile soil had lower percentage dead roots, necrosis and R. similis density than those from sterile soil, regardless of the nutrient regime. N-starved plants from non-sterile soil were shorter with smaller leaves having decreased chlorophyll content and lower biomass, compared to those from sterile soil. By contrast, P and K starved plants from non-sterile soil were taller with larger leaves and more biomass, compared to those from sterile soil. Roots inoculated with R. similis had higher endophytic colonization by Fusarium spp., especially when co-inoculated with F. oxysporum V5w2 and grown in sterile soil among the N and K-starved plants. In conclusion, pathogenic interactions between R. similis and F. oxysporum V5w2 are predominantly suppressed by a complex of soil microbes that exert plant growth promoting effects in tissue culture banana plants through N, P, and K dependent processes. Nitrogen is the most important limiting factor in rhizosphere interactions between banana roots, beneficial microbes and the pathogens. Soil sterilization and the stringent aseptic tissue culture techniques still require the development of alternative innovative ways of conserving microbial services for sustainable agriculture.

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Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 is a non-beneficial endophyte that interacts with Radopholus similis in a wilt disease complex of banana

Cited by 2 publications

References 72 publications

Soil Sterilization Eliminates Beneficial Microbes That Provide Natural Pest Suppression Ecosystem Services Against Radopholus similis and Fusarium Oxysporum V5w2 in the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Tissue Culture Banana Plants

Soil Sterilization Eliminates Beneficial Microbes That Provide Natural Pest Suppression Ecosystem Services Against Radopholus similis and Fusarium Oxysporum V5w2 in the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Tissue Culture Banana Plants

Soil Microbes Determine Outcomes of Pathogenic Interactions Between Radopholus similis and Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 in Tissue Culture Banana Rhizospheres Starved of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium

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