Further Observations on the Dietary Insufficiency of a Corn-Soybean Ration for Reproduction of Swine

Cunha, T. J. F.; Ross, O. B.; Phillips, Paul H.; Bohstedt, G.

doi:10.2527/jas1944.34415x

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Most reports on fiber in sow diets deal with the effects of fiber sources such as alfalfa meal and hay or other forages on reproductive performance traits. These reports indicate little or no adverse effects from forages on sow performances (Cunha et al, 1944;Teague, 1955;Seerly and Wahlstrom, 1965;Danielson 595 JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 61, No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Digestibility of Fiber Components and Reproductive Performance of Sows Fed High Levels of Alfalfa Meal

Calvert¹,

Steele²,

Rosebrough³

1985

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted with second-parity sows fed either 5 or 50% alfalfa meal diets (Exp. 1) or 5, 50 or 95% alfalfa meal diets (Exp. 2) beginning 30 d after breeding and continuing through lactation, 21 d postpartum. Diets in both experiments were calculated to be equal in crude protein, but different in metabolizable energy content. Feed intake was restricted to 2 kg/d during gestation and ad libitum during lactation. Sows were tethered in metabolism crates 45 d after breeding. Total feces were collected during two 5-d collection periods, 60 and 100 d after breeding. Digestibilities of dry matter, fiber components (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose and cellulose), protein and energy were determined in both experiments for all diets and periods of gestation. In both experiments, there was a reduction (P less than .05) in digestibility of dry matter, fiber components, protein and energy with increasing fiber levels for both periods of gestation. In Exp. 1, the decrease in digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and energy was greater at 100 d gestation than at 60 d in sows fed 50% alfalfa. In Exp. 2, 50 and 95% dietary alfalfa reduced 60-d digestibilities of dry matter, all fiber constituents, energy and protein; these digestibilities were further reduced (P less than .05) at 100 d of gestation. In Exp. 1, weight gains of sows fed 5 and 50% alfalfa diets from breeding to 109 d gestation, were 42 and 18 kg/sow (5 greater than 50% level, P less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Digestibility of Fiber Components and Reproductive Performance of Sows Fed High Levels of Alfalfa Meal

Calvert¹,

Steele²,

Rosebrough³

1985

Journal of Animal Science

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“…In swine nutrition, little is known about the role of vitamin B 12 in reproduction. Moreover, the information used to estimate the requirement is outdated (Cunha et al, 1944;Anderson and Hogan, 1950;Teague and Grifo, 1966b). However, it was the only information available to the NRC (1998) and Agricultural Research Council (1981) to estimate the requirements as being 15 g/kg.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of concentrations of cyanocobalamin in the gestation diet on some criteria of vitamin B12 metabolism in first-parity sows1,2

Simard

Guay

Girard

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Science

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In swine nutrition, little is known about the role of vitamin B(12) in the reproductive processes. The current study was undertaken to obtain information on the dose-response pattern of different metabolic criteria related to the homeostasis of vitamin B(12) and homocysteine in gestating sows receiving various concentrations of dietary vitamin B(12) (cyanocobalamin). Homocysteine is a detrimental intermediate metabolite of the vitamin B(12)-dependent remethylation pathway of Met. Forty nulliparous (Large White x Landrace) sows were randomly assigned during gestation to dietary treatments containing 5 concentrations of cyanocobalamin (0, 20, 100, 200, or 400 microg/kg). During lactation, a diet containing 25 microg of cyanocobalamin/kg (as-fed) was given to all sows. During gestation, plasma vitamin B(12) increased as concentrations of dietary cyanocobalamin increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01) and the effect persisted during lactation (21 d postpartum) both in plasma (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) and the liver (linear and quadratic, P < 0.04). Plasma homocysteine decreased with concentrations of cyanocobalamin provided to sows during gestation (linear, quadratic, and cubic, P < 0.01). At parturition, vitamin B(12) in colostrum increased as concentrations of cyanocobalamin increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01), but the treatment effect persisted (linear, P = 0.01) only up to 1 d postfarrowing. However, in piglets there was no treatment effect (P = 0.59) on plasma vitamin B(12) before colostrum intake, but a linear effect of concentrations of cyanocobalamin (P = 0.04) was observed 1 d later. Plasma homocysteine in piglets during lactation decreased with increasing concentrations of cyanocobalamin given to sows in gestation (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01). Based on a broken-line regression model, the concentrations of dietary cyanocobalamin that maximized plasma vitamin B(12) and minimized plasma homocysteine of sows during gestation were estimated to be 164 and 93 microg/kg, respectively. The maximal residual responses in sows and piglets during lactation were observed with treatments of 100 or 200 microg of cyanocobalamin/kg. The dietary cyanocobalamin concentration necessary to optimize the response of these metabolic criteria remains to be refined within lower and narrower ranges of cyanocobalamin concentrations (i.e., <200 mg/kg). Moreover, the biological significance of such concentrations of cyanocobalamin needs to be validated with performance criteria by using greater numbers of animals during several parities.

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“…Les études disponibles sont relativement anciennes et ont été souvent obtenues dans le cadre de modèles expérimentaux de carence. L'étude des besoins en B 12 est particulière pour une vitamine hydrosoluble car elle peut être stockée par l'organisme ; l'apparition de symptômes de carence comme, par exemple, l'avortement peu avant la mise bas, peut prendre un an ou plus (Cunha et al 1944, Ensminger et al 1951, Frederick et Brisson 1961. Dans certains travaux anciens on avait observé une augmentation des performances de reproduction après l'ajout dans l'aliment de quantités de vitamine B 12 dix fois supérieures aux niveaux actuellement recommandés (Frederick et Brisson 1961, Teague et Grifo 1966.…”

Section: C) La Vitamine B 12unclassified

Des truies et des vitamines

et al. 2009

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Le manque et/ou la vétusté de l’information sur les vitamines chez la truie reproductrice est en décalage avec la sophistication des techniques d’élevage et des progrès génétiques considérables des performances de reproduction au cours des dernières décennies chez ces animaux. De plus, l’information disponible selon les vitamines est hétérogène. Tout cela est à l’origine d’un empirisme qui est bien illustré par la variabilité considérable des recommandations de différents organismes privés ou publics. Il ne s’agit plus, aujourd’hui, de prévenir les carences en vitamines dont le risque est nul en production animale mais plutôt de déterminer les niveaux optima pour la productivité des élevages. C’est un défi pour les prochaines années d’autant plus grand que les critères de productivité des élevages d’aujourd’hui sont en constante évolution, bien au-delà de la seule prolificité (survie, vigueur et robustesse des porcelets). Le rôle de certaines vitamines vis-à-vis de l’immunologie de la reproduction, la capacité antioxydante et la compétence immunitaire pourra contribuer à l’amélioration de ces nouveaux critères des performances de reproduction. En outre, il ne faut pas négliger la perception publique généralement positive envers les suppléments vitaminiques.

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Further Observations on the Dietary Insufficiency of a Corn-Soybean Ration for Reproduction of Swine

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Digestibility of Fiber Components and Reproductive Performance of Sows Fed High Levels of Alfalfa Meal

Digestibility of Fiber Components and Reproductive Performance of Sows Fed High Levels of Alfalfa Meal

Effects of concentrations of cyanocobalamin in the gestation diet on some criteria of vitamin B12 metabolism in first-parity sows1,2

Des truies et des vitamines

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