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Oilseed rape is worldwide an important oil and protein crop. Its oil is valued because of its excellent quality. The oil extracted meal is marketed as a lower value by-product for feeding livestock. Recently, interest in vegetable proteins has increased to use the oilseed rape protein as an alternative vegetable source for human consumption. However, the use of the protein rich meal for food production is greatly limited by the presence of residual glucosinolate, phenolic acid esters and crude fibre contents which affect its techno-functional properties, taste and colour. Further reducing contents of glucosinolates, cellulose, hemicellulose and indigestible lignin, is expected to enhance protein content and quality. To this end, two half-sib DH populations were tested in replicated field experiments. Inheritance of individual seed fibre components in relation to each other and to oil, protein and glucosinolate content were investigated. The DH populations were genotyped with Brassica 15K SNP Illumina chip, QTL were mapped and candidate genes were identified using the high quality long read reference genome of Express 617. Novel QTL for fibre components were identified that co-located to each other, with QTL for oil, protein and glucosinolate content, and with opposite direction of additive effects. The parallel investigation of two half-sib DH populations gave insight into the direction of the additive effects which depended on the indvidual parents. The results provide additional understanding of genetic loci underlying the seed quality traits which may help achieving the breeding goals in oilseed rape.
Oilseed rape is worldwide an important oil and protein crop. Its oil is valued because of its excellent quality. The oil extracted meal is marketed as a lower value by-product for feeding livestock. Recently, interest in vegetable proteins has increased to use the oilseed rape protein as an alternative vegetable source for human consumption. However, the use of the protein rich meal for food production is greatly limited by the presence of residual glucosinolate, phenolic acid esters and crude fibre contents which affect its techno-functional properties, taste and colour. Further reducing contents of glucosinolates, cellulose, hemicellulose and indigestible lignin, is expected to enhance protein content and quality. To this end, two half-sib DH populations were tested in replicated field experiments. Inheritance of individual seed fibre components in relation to each other and to oil, protein and glucosinolate content were investigated. The DH populations were genotyped with Brassica 15K SNP Illumina chip, QTL were mapped and candidate genes were identified using the high quality long read reference genome of Express 617. Novel QTL for fibre components were identified that co-located to each other, with QTL for oil, protein and glucosinolate content, and with opposite direction of additive effects. The parallel investigation of two half-sib DH populations gave insight into the direction of the additive effects which depended on the indvidual parents. The results provide additional understanding of genetic loci underlying the seed quality traits which may help achieving the breeding goals in oilseed rape.
Meiotic recombination not only maintains the stability of the chromosome structure but also creates genetic variations for adapting to changeable environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of crossover (CO) patterns at the population level is useful for crop improvement. However, there are limited cost-effective and universal methods to detect the recombination frequency at the population level in Brassica napus. Here, the Brassica 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array (Brassica 60K array) was used to systematically study the recombination landscape in a double haploid (DH) population of B. napus. It was found that COs were unevenly distributed across the whole genome, and a higher frequency of COs existed at the distal ends of each chromosome. A considerable number of genes (more than 30%) in the CO hot regions were associated with plant defense and regulation. In most tissues, the average gene expression level in the hot regions (CO frequency of greater than 2 cM/Mb) was significantly higher than that in the regions with a CO frequency of less than 1 cM/Mb. In addition, a bin map was constructed with 1995 recombination bins. For seed oil content, Bin 1131 to 1134, Bin 1308 to 1311, Bin 1864 to 1869, and Bin 2184 to 2230 were identified on chromosomes A08, A09, C03, and C06, respectively, which could explain 8.5%, 17.3%, 8.6%, and 3.9% of the phenotypic variation. These results could not only deepen our understanding of meiotic recombination in B. napus at the population level, and provide useful information for rapeseed breeding in the future, but also provided a reference for studying CO frequency in other species.
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