Furan-induced dose–response relationships for liver cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and tumorigenicity (furan-induced liver tumorigenicity)

Moser, Glenda J.; Foley, Julie F.; Burnett, M.E.; Goldsworthy, Thomas L.; Maronpot, Robert R.

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2008.06.006

Cited by 84 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Heat-induced food contaminants have attracted the attention of both the scientific community and the public in recent years (Moser et al 2009;Crews and Castle 2007;Wenzl, Lachenmeier, and Gokman 2007;Becalski et al 2010). Recent surveys performed by various health agencies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Health Canada ), European Food Safety Authority (2004, and the Swiss Office of Public Health (Reinhard et al 2004), have all found that furan is present in a wide range of foods up to levels greater than 240 mg/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 28-day Gavage Toxicity Study in Male Fischer 344 Rats with 2-methylfuran

et al. 2013

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In most thermally treated products, a series of alkylated furan derivatives have been found, in particular 2-substituted alkylfurans such as 2-methylfuran. These methyl analogs are metabolically activated in a similar fashion as the parent furan, yielding highly reactive unsaturated dialdehydes. There is currently limited toxicological data available for 2-methyl furan exposure by any route that makes conducting a risk assessment difficult. In this pilot study, we report the general toxicology findings affecting tissue morphology, histopathology, clinical biochemistry, and hematology in a 28-day gavage study. The liver was the primary target organ that developed dose-dependent toxicity. Relative liver weights were increased by 42% at 25.0 mg/kg/body weight (bw)/day. Histological changes in the liver were observed at 0.4, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 25.0 mg/kg bw/ day. These changes were not accompanied by clinical changes in the serum enzyme markers such as alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate transaminase. Clinical biochemistry markers for kidney were altered, but these were not accompanied by histological changes. The prostate was significantly decreased in size at the 25.0 mg/kg bw/day dose of 2-methyfuran. Some hematological parameters were also altered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 28-day Gavage Toxicity Study in Male Fischer 344 Rats with 2-methylfuran

et al. 2013

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“…Heat-induced food contaminants have attracted the attention of both the scientific community and the public in recent years (Crew and Castle 2007;Moser et al 2009;Wenzl et al 2007). Furan is a colorless, volatile, lipophilic compound that is formed during traditional heat treatment processes such as cooking, canning, and baking (Morehouse et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subchronic Oral Toxicity Study of Furan in Fischer-344 Rats

et al. 2010

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Rodent studies have shown that furan is a hepatocarcinogen. Previous studies conducted with high doses showed tumors at nearly 100% incidence at all doses. In this paper, a ninety-day gavage experiment conducted with lower doses (0.0, 0.03, 0.12, 0.5, 2.0, and 8.0 mg/kg bw) to identify a no-observed adverse effect level for hepatotoxicity and to characterize non-neoplastic effects including gross changes and histopathology, clinical biochemistry, hematology, and immunotoxicology is reported. As indicated by changes in serum biomarkers, increased liver weights and gross and histological lesions, the liver is the major target organ affected by furan. There were no changes in body weights, food consumption, or histology in other organs. Some of the serum electrolyte markers, including phosphorus, were altered. There was a significant increase in serum thyroxine and triidothyronine in males. This increase was not accompanied by histological thyroid changes. Immunophenotypic analysis showed that thymic lymphocyte maturation was altered in male rats. Although altered clinical biochemistry and hematological parameters were observed at a dose of > 0.5 mg/kg bw, mild histological lesions in the liver were observed at > 0.12 mg/kg bw. Based on this finding, a furan dose of 0.03 mg/kg bw was proposed as the no-observed adverse effect level for hepatic toxicity.

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“…Furan is mutagenic, and some tumors have been demonstrated to be associated with furan usage (19,20). Moser et al (21) reported that oxidative stress induced by furan in cells causes an increase in ROS levels. Studies have reported improvements in cellular and seminiferous structures by elimination of obstructions due to testicular artery ligation (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Furan toxicity on testes and protective role of lycopene in diabetic rats

Kara¹,

Baş²,

Pandır³

2016

J Turkish German Gynecol Assoc

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Material and Methods35 male adult Wistar albino rats weighing 300 to 320 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Laboratory of Çukurova University. The rats were inserted into special plasObjective: Furan (C 4 H 4 O) is a heat-induced food contaminant that is utilized as an industrial chemical agent. Lycopene is a natural substance that is produced by plants and tomatoes. We aimed to evaluate the toxicity of furan on testes and the protective effect of lycopene in diabetic rats. Material and Methods:Male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups: Group 1 (control group) received 1 mL/kg corn oil. Group 2 (diabetic control group) received 55 mg/kg STZ and 1 mL/kg corn oil. Group 3 (diabetic lycopene group) received 55 mg/kg STZ and 4 mg/kg lycopene. Group 4 (diabetic furan group) received 55 mg/kg STZ and 40 mg/kg furan. Group 5 (diabetic furan + lycopene group) received 55 mg/kg STZ, 40 mg/kg furan, and 4 mg/kg lycopene. After 28 days, the testes were extirpated in all groups. In the testicular tissue samples, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reducted glutathione (GST) were studied. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels were measured. Histopathologic examination was performed by light microscope. Results:The MDA level and the activities of CAT, GPx, SOD, and GST were found to be higher in the furan group than in the control and diabetic control groups (p<0.05). The MDA level and the activities of CAT, GPx, SOD, and GST were significantly lower in the furan + lycopene group than in the furan group (p<0.05). Conclusion:The low blood testosterone level in the rats who received furan suggested the presence of endocrinological defects and cellular degenerative changes. Lycopene may be effective to reverse furan toxicity in diabetic rat testes. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2016; 17: 191-6) Keywords: Furan, rat, testis, toxicity, lycopene, diabetes mellitus Received: 23 August, 2016 Accepted: 15 October, 2016 Furan toxicity on testes and protective role of lycopene in diabetic rats Özlem Kara, Hatice Baş, Dilek Pandır Department of Biology, Bozok University School of Arts and Science, Yozgat, Turkey Abstract tic cages and were fed with free access to both water and a standard pellet diet. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Çukurova University. ChemicalsIn this experimental study, three substances, including streptozotosin (STZ), furan, and lycopene, were administered; all chemicals used were obtained from Sigma. Furan and lycopene were dissolved in corn oil before being administered to the animals. Implementation plan for animalsChemicals were administered to the rats between 9:00 A.M. and 11:00 A.M. 55 mg/kg STZ was given to each rat by intraperitoneal (ip) injection as a single dose. Two days later, the blood glycose levels of the rats were measured. Rats with a glucose range of 300 mg/dL were accepted as diabetic. F...

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Furan-induced dose–response relationships for liver cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and tumorigenicity (furan-induced liver tumorigenicity)

Cited by 84 publications

References 26 publications

A 28-day Gavage Toxicity Study in Male Fischer 344 Rats with 2-methylfuran

A 28-day Gavage Toxicity Study in Male Fischer 344 Rats with 2-methylfuran

Subchronic Oral Toxicity Study of Furan in Fischer-344 Rats

Furan toxicity on testes and protective role of lycopene in diabetic rats

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