Fungicide resistance risk assessment based on traits associated with the rate of pathogen evolution

Grimmer, M. K.; Bosch, Frank van den; Powers, Stephen J.; Paveley, N. D.

doi:10.1002/ps.3781

Cited by 58 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Evolved resistance to fungicides is a major problem limiting our ability to control agricultural, medical and veterinary pathogens 1, 2. Research over the last 30 years has often defined the mechanism conferring reduced sensitivity to the fungicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Mair

Lopez‐Ruiz

Stammler³

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

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Evolved resistance to fungicides is a major problem limiting our ability to control agricultural, medical and veterinary pathogens and is frequently associated with substitutions in the amino acid sequence of the target protein. The convention for describing amino acid substitutions is to cite the wild‐type amino acid, the codon number and the new amino acid, using the one‐letter amino acid code. It has frequently been observed that orthologous amino acid mutations have been selected in different species by fungicides from the same mode of action class, but the amino acids have different numbers. These differences in numbering arise from the different lengths of the proteins in each species. The purpose of the present paper is to propose a system for unifying the labelling of amino acids in fungicide target proteins. To do this we have produced alignments between fungicide target proteins of relevant species fitted to a well‐studied ‘archetype’ species. Orthologous amino acids in all species are then assigned numerical ‘labels’ based on the position of the amino acid in the archetype protein. © 2016 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Mair

Lopez‐Ruiz

Stammler³

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

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“…A strong selective pressure due to repeated use of highly effective fungicides is thought to underlie the cause-effect relationship between fungicide use and resistance evolution. In some cases the strength of selection can lead to rapid fixation of resistance alleles in fungal populations after only a single year of fungicide use (reviewed in Grimmer et al, 2014). In this regard, fungicide resistance evolution is a phenomenon similar to antibiotic resistance evolution (Davies & Davies, 2010), but the literature describing the evolutionary processes that generate, spread and maintain novel resistance alleles in fungal plant pathogens is relatively limited (Chen et al, 2007;Brunner et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

et al. 2015

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Although fungicide resistance in crop pathogens is a global threat to food production, surprisingly little is known about the evolutionary processes associated with the emergence and spread of fungicide resistance. Early stages in the evolution of fungicide resistance were evaluated using the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, taking advantage of an isolate collection spanning 20 years in Oregon, USA, and including two sites with differing intensity of fungicide use. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytb protein conferring single-mutation resistance to QoI fungicides and the nuclear CYP51 gene implicated in multiple-mutation resistance to azole fungicides were analysed. Mutations associated with resistance to both fungicides were absent in the 1992 isolates, but frequent in the 2012 collection, with higher frequencies of resistance alleles found at the field site with more intensive fungicide use. Results suggest that the QoI resistance evolved independently in several lineages, and resulted in significant mitochondrial genome bottlenecks. In contrast, the CYP51 gene showed signatures of diversifying selection and intragenic recombination among three phylogenetic clades. The findings support a recent emergence of resistance to the two fungicide classes in Oregon, facilitated by selection for mutations in the associated resistance genes.

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“…A method has been developed (Grimmer et al, 2015) which provides a supplementary predictive method of allocating risk values to pathogens, fungicides and agronomic systems, and then combining those risk values into an overall inherent risk score. This method has been shown (Grimmer et al, 2014) to have higher predictive value than the type of 'risk matrix' approach shown above.…”

Section: Resistance Risk Assessment Based On Traits Associated With Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

PP 1/213 (4) Resistance risk analysis

2015

EPPO Bulletin

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Specific scope This Standard describes how the risk of resistance to plant protection products can be assessed and, if appropriate, systems for risk management can be proposed, in the context of official registration of plant protection products. Specific approval and amendment First approved in 1999‐09. Revision approved in 2002‐09. Revision mainly to reflect zonal assessment approved in 2012‐09. Revision approved in 2015‐09.

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Fungicide resistance risk assessment based on traits associated with the rate of pathogen evolution

Cited by 58 publications

References 17 publications

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

PP 1/213 (4) Resistance risk analysis

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