Fungi inhabiting woody tree tissues

Langer, Gitta Jutta; Bußkamp, Johanna; Terhonen, Eeva; Blumenstein, Kathrin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822542-4.00012-7

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…These bands decrease in intensity and are shifted to a different wavenumber. This modification might indicate the degradation with release of low molecular compounds from amorphous carbohydrates, but also lignin demethoxylation caused by brown-rot [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

et al. 2022

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Research on new conservation treatment for archaeological wood requires large amounts of wooden material. For this purpose, artificial wood degradation (biological—using brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana, and chemical—using NaOH solution) under laboratory conditions was conducted to obtain an abundance of similar samples that mimic naturally degraded wood and can serve for comparative studies. However, knowledge about its properties is necessary to use this material for further study. In this study, the chemical composition and microstructure of degraded cell walls were investigated using FT-IR, XRD, helium pycnometry and nitrogen absorption methods. The results show that biological degradation caused the loss of hemicelluloses and celluloses, including the reduction in cellulose crystallinity, and led to lignin modification, while chemical degradation mainly depleted the amount of hemicelluloses and lignin, but also affected crystalline cellulose. These changes affected the cell wall microstructure, increasing both surface area and total pore volume. However, the chemical degradation produced a greater number of mesopores of smaller size compared to fungal decomposition. Both degradation processes weakened the cell wall’s mechanical strength, resulting in high shrinkage of degraded wood during air-drying. The results of the study suggest that degraded wood obtained under laboratory conditions can be a useful material for studies on new consolidants for archaeological wood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

et al. 2022

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“…Endophytes are microorganisms such as actinomycetes, bacteria, or fungi that live in plant tissues and do not cause the host to produce any disease symptoms [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. They is generally considered reciprocal and neutral, but can cause disease or become saprophytic when senescence occurs in the host, its vitality decreases, and other factors are weakened [ 23 , 24 ]. The host strongly restricts the growth of endophytes, but it can overcome the host’s defense by secreting biologically active metabolites or changing the balance of plant hormones in the host [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They is generally considered reciprocal and neutral, but can cause disease or become saprophytic when senescence occurs in the host, its vitality decreases, and other factors are weakened [ 23 , 24 ]. The host strongly restricts the growth of endophytes, but it can overcome the host’s defense by secreting biologically active metabolites or changing the balance of plant hormones in the host [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Endophytes spend all or part of their life cycle in the healthy tissues of plants [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi Associated with Coffee Leaves in China Exhibited In Vitro Antagonism against Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens

Karunarathna

Hyde

et al. 2022

JoF

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Coffee endophytes have been studied for almost 74 years, and several studies have demonstrated coffee-endophytic fungi with antibacterial and antifungal potential for human and plant pathogens. In this study, we isolated and identified a total of 235 strains of endophytic fungi from coffee leaf tissues collected in four coffee plantations in Pu’er city, Yunnan province, China. Molecular identification was carried out using maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) sequences, while the colonization rate and the isolation frequency were also calculated. Two pathogenic fungi (Alternaria alternata and Penicillium digitatum) and two pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas syringae and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) were used for screening the antagonistic activities of 61 strains of coffee-endophytic fungi by a dual-culture test assay while maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis confirmed their natural classification. This is the first study of coffee-leaf-endophytic fungal diversity in China, and the results revealed that coffee-endophytic fungi from this study belong to the Ascomycota, distributed among two classes, 10 orders, and 17 families. Concurrently, endophytic fungi isolates distributed in Arthrinium, Biscogniauxia, Daldinia, Diaporthe, and Nigrospora showed strong antagonistic activities against the pathogens. For the pathogens Alternaria alternata and Pseudomonas syringae, Nigrospora XCE-7 showed the best inhibitory effects with inhibition rates of 71.76% and 61.11%, respectively. For the pathogen Penicillium digitatum, Daldinia ME-9 showed the best inhibitory effect with a 74.67% inhibition rate, while Biscogniauxia PTE-7 and Daldinia T5E-1-3 showed the best inhibitory effect with a rate of 60.42% against the pathogen Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. Overall, our study shows the diversity of coffee endophytes in four coffee-growing areas in Pu’er city, Yunnan province, China, and their potential use as biological control agents against two fungal and two bacterial pathogens.

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“…However, since the underlying biological processes are complex in microorganisms and often not fully understood, it is necessary to explore these types of assays in depth. An earlier study showed that colorimetric assays that were used to explore the decolorization of textile dyes was suitable to quantify the degradation of Reactive Orange 16 (RO16), but could not be used for Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), due to an unexpected increase in absorbance, which was attributed to a metabolite of the fungus [1] . An open question was to understand to which extent the absorbance, that was used to observe the decolorization of RO-16, was influenced by metabolites of the fungus and alters the outcomes of such assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method to determine the decolorization potential of persistent dyes by white rot fungi by colorimetric assays

2022

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Fungi inhabiting woody tree tissues

Cited by 21 publications

References 162 publications

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

Endophytic Fungi Associated with Coffee Leaves in China Exhibited In Vitro Antagonism against Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens

Method to determine the decolorization potential of persistent dyes by white rot fungi by colorimetric assays

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