Fungi Enter the Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis

Conche, Claire; Greten, Florian R.

doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.002

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The study showed that as fermentation patterns of cellulolytic fungi, Mycoplasma could produce acetate as major metabolites ( Rimoldi et al, 2019 ). However, as no members of Mycoplasma could produce digestive enzymes without symbiotic bacteria ( Conche and Greten, 2018 ), a further study of intestinal symbiosis bacteria is undoubtedly required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metagenomic Insight Into the Hindgut Microbiota and Their Metabolites for Dairy Goats Fed Different Rumen Degradable Starch

Han

Xuexin

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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High starch diets have been proven to increase the risk of hindgut acidosis in high-yielding dairy animals. As an effective measurement of dietary carbohydrate for ruminants, studies on rumen degradable starch (RDS) and the effects on the gut microbiota diversity of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Orthology functional categories are helpful to understand the mechanisms between gut microbiota and carbohydrate metabolism in dairy goats. A total of 18 lactating goats (45.8 ± 1.54 kg) were randomly divided equally into three dietary treatments with low dietary RDS concentrations of 20.52% (LRDS), medium RDS of 22.15% (MRDS), and high RDS of 24.88% (HRDS) on a DM basis for 5 weeks. Compared with the LRDS and MRDS groups, HRDS increased acetate molar proportion in the cecum. For the HRDS group, the abundance of family Ruminococcaceae and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 were significantly increased in the cecum. For the LRDS group, the butyrate molar proportion and the abundance of butyrate producer family Bacteroidale_S24-7, family Lachnospiraceae, and genus Bacteroidale_S24-7_group were significantly increased in the cecum. Based on the BugBase phenotypic prediction, the microbial oxidative stress tolerant and decreased potentially pathogenic in the LRDS group were increased in the cecum compared with the HRDS group. A metagenomic study on cecal bacteria revealed that dietary RDS level could affect carbohydrate metabolism by increasing the glycoside hydrolase 95 (GH95) family and cellulase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.4) in the HRDS group; increasing the GH13_20 family and isoamylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.68) in the LRDS group. PROBIO probiotics database showed the relative gene abundance of cecal probiotics significantly decreased in the HRDS group. Furthermore, goats fed the HRDS diet had a lower protein expression of Muc2, and greater expression RNA of interleukin-1β and secretory immunoglobulin A in cecal mucosa than did goats fed the LRDS diet. Combined with the information from previous results from rumen, dietary RDS level altered the degradation position of carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and increased the relative abundance of gene encoded enzymes degrading cellulose in the HRDS group in the cecum of dairy goats. This study revealed that the HRDS diet could bring disturbances to the microbial communities network containing taxa of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae and damage the mucus layer and inflammation in the cecum of dairy goats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metagenomic Insight Into the Hindgut Microbiota and Their Metabolites for Dairy Goats Fed Different Rumen Degradable Starch

Han

Xuexin

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Although these two studies used the same gene-targeted mouse model, the Card9-deficient mice were susceptible to diverse fungal infections. The microbiota difference detected in their mouse models makes the effect of the mycobiota strongly dependent on mouse microbial composition [130]. This further sustains the important role of environmental factors, such as diet, on microbiota composition.…”

Section: Fungal and Viral Contribution To Crc Developmentmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The significant contribution of gut microorganisms in CRC pathogenesis is widely accepted by now. However, most studies have focused on the role of gut bacteria, underestimating the role of another class of commensals, namely the mycobiota, might also be involved in CRC development [130]. Two recent studies strongly support the role of mycobiota in colitis-associated CRC [131,132].…”

Section: Fungal and Viral Contribution To Crc Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Signatures in Sporadic and Hereditary Colorectal Cancer

Mori

Pasca

2021

IJMS

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death and the third most common cancer in the world. Depending on the origin of the mutation, colorectal carcinomas are classified as sporadic or hereditary. Cancers derived from mutations appearing during life, affecting individual cells and their descendants, are called sporadic and account for almost 95% of the CRCs. Less than 5% of CRC cases result from constitutional mutations conferring a very high risk of developing cancer. Screening for hereditary-related cancers is offered to individuals at risk for hereditary CRC, who have either not undergone genetic evaluation or have uncertain genetic test results. In this review, we briefly summarize the main findings on the correlation between sporadic CRC and the gut microbiota, and we specifically focus on the few evidences about the role that gut microorganisms have on the development of CRC hereditary syndromes. The characterization of a gut microbiota associated with an increased risk of developing CRC could have a profound impact for prevention purposes. We also discuss the potential role of the gut microbiota as therapeutic treatment.

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“…In conclusion, fungal dysbiosis is closely linked to the deterioration of colitis to cancer, which reminds us that regulating the state of intestinal mycobiota can be a way to treat colorectal cancer. 76 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) IBS has a great impact on human health. The connection with mycobiota was described when it was discovered that the yeast Candida can make allergic patients suffer from IBS.…”

Section: Colorectal Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycobiota of the human body: a spark can start a prairie fire

et al. 2020

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Mycobiota are inseparable from human health, shaking up the unique position held by bacteria among microorganisms. What is surprising is that this seemingly small species can trigger huge changes in the human body. Dysbiosis and invasion of mycobiota are confirmed to cause disease in different parts of the body. Meanwhile, our body also produces corresponding immune changes upon mycobiota infection. Several recent studies have made a connection between intestinal mycobiota and the human immune system. In this review, we focus on questions related to mycobiota, starting with an introduction of select species, then we summarize the typical diseases caused by mycobiota in different parts of the human body. Moreover, we constructed a framework for the human anti-fungal immune system based on genetics and immunology. Finally, the progression of fungal detection methods is also reviewed.

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Fungi Enter the Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis

Abstract: The significant contribution of intestinal bacteria for the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is widely accepted by now. In this issue of Immunity, two articles by Malik et al. (2018) and Wang et al. (2018) highlight the role of commensal fungi, which so far have been underestimated.

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

A Metagenomic Insight Into the Hindgut Microbiota and Their Metabolites for Dairy Goats Fed Different Rumen Degradable Starch

A Metagenomic Insight Into the Hindgut Microbiota and Their Metabolites for Dairy Goats Fed Different Rumen Degradable Starch

Gut Microbial Signatures in Sporadic and Hereditary Colorectal Cancer

The mycobiota of the human body: a spark can start a prairie fire

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