Fungi as an alternative to produce essential fatty acids

Francisco, Michele Rodrigues; Saldanha, Tatiana; Fraga, Marcelo Elias

doi:10.15361/1984-5529.2017v45n2p123-129

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the lipid profile of Arthrographis kalrae includes an omega-3 family member (docosahexaenoic acid polyunsaturated fatty acid, representing 4.6%). This finding was also supported by Francisco et al (2017), who reported the ability of many filamentous fungi to release essential fatty acids belonging to the omega-3 family, especially some Mortierella species that showed the ability to produce docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Also, extracellular metabolites of an endophytic Eurotium chevalieri isolate revealed potent broad spectrum antibacterial activity and inhibition of bacterial biofilms [21]. Based on the particular attention drawn on the biological activities of endophytic metabolites-specially, antimicrobial lipids in numerous studies [23][24][25][26]-the present study aimed at extracting fatty acids from an endophytic fungus isolated from Corandium sativium leaves and investigate the antivirulence activity of the extracted fatty acids combination against S. mutans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hindering of Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Fatty Acid Array Derived from an Endophytic Arthrographis kalrae Strain

2020

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Streptococcus mutans has been considered as the major etiological agent of dental caries, mostly due to its arsenal of virulence factors, including strong biofilm formation, exopolysaccharides production, and high acid production. Here, we present the antivirulence activity of fatty acids derived from the endophytic fungus Arthrographis kalrae isolated from Coriandrum sativum against Streptococcus mutans. The chemical composition of the fatty acids was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry GC-MS and revealed nine compounds representing 99.6% of fatty acids, where unsaturated and saturated fatty acids formed 93.8% and 5.8 % respectively. Oleic and linoleic acids were the major unsaturated fatty acids. Noteworthy, the fatty acids at the concentration of 31.3 mg L–1 completely inhibited Streptococcus mutans biofilm, and water insoluble extracellular polysaccharide production in both polystyrene plates, and tooth model assay using saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs. Inhibition of biofilm correlated significantly and positively with the inhibition of water insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (R = 1, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, Arthrographis kalrae fatty acids at a concentration of 7.8 mg L–1 exhibited acidogenesis-mitigation activity. They did not show bactericidal activity against Streptococcus mutans and cytotoxic activity against human oral fibroblast cells at the concentration used. On the other hand, saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs treated with sub-minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration of fatty acids showed disturbed biofilm architecture with a few unequally distributed clumped matrices using fluorescence microscopy. Our findings revealed that the intracellular fatty acid arrays derived from endophytic Arthrographis kalrae could contribute to the biofilm-preventing alternatives, specifically Streptococcus mutans biofilms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hindering of Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Fatty Acid Array Derived from an Endophytic Arthrographis kalrae Strain

2020

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“…The fungi, moreover, can grow up under different conditions, with consequent different production of lipids on the different substrates (26). Therefore, is important to identify parameters to optimize polyunsaturated fatty acid production (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANTARCTIC FUNGI: A BIO-SOURCE ALTERNATIVE TO PRODUCE POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS (PUFAs)

Rossi

Ambrico

Fiore

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Antarctic ecosystem is a combination of conditions including extremely low values of temperature. The environmental temperature is one of the parameters thoroughly affecting the structure and composition of fungal membranes lipids. The psychrophilic fungi generally increase the disorder within macromolecules to maintain membrane fluidity at low temperatures. The strategy adopted by Antarctic fungi is to increase the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid that allows maintaining a semi-fluid state of the membranes. This ecological feature might be exploited for using Antarctic fungi as potential alternative source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for human diet. This study provides both the characterization of fungal strains isolated from Antarctica by lipidomic analysis and the laboratory/large-scale production of fungal biomass with high content of beneficial PUFAs. In detail, three fungal species isolated from environmental matrices from Antarctica were tested and identified at genome level. Growth experiments to evaluate the influence of temperature and substrate in the yield in biomass and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) were conducted. The results showed that the selected fungi have a high percentage of UFA compared to saturated ones; low growth temperatures increase the yield in linolenic fatty acid (C18:3); the biomass yield depends on the composition of the growth substrate and a satisfying qualitative-quantitative yield has also been obtained by using an agri-food chain waste product as growth substrate

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“…The main nutritional properties of lipids (or fats) come from fatty acids composition. In the food industry, supplementation or food enrichment with fatty acids of nutritional relevance produced by certain fungi species can minimize the risk factors related to, for example, cardiovascular or degenerative diseases (Francisco et al 2017). Most of the lipids produced in the fungal biomasses are mainly represented by fatty acids C16, C18, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C20:3n-3, and C20:4n-6.…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value Of Fungal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of fungal biomass protein by filamentous fungi cultivation on liquid waste streams from pulping process

Asadollahzadeh

Ghasemian

Saraeian

et al. 2018

BioRes

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The aim of this study was to convert the spent liquors obtained from acidic sulfite and neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) pulping processes into protein-rich fungal biomass. Three filamentous fungi, Aspergillus oryzae, Mucor indicus, and Rhizopus oryzae, were cultivated on the diluted spent liquors in an airlift bioreactor with airflow of 0.85 vvm at 35 °C and pH 5.5. Maximum values of 10.17 g, 6.14 g, and 5.47 g of biomass per liter of spent liquor were achieved in the cultivation of A. oryzae, M. indicus, and R. oryzae on the spent sulfite liquor (SSL) diluted to 60%, respectively, while A. oryzae cultivation on the spent NSSC liquor (SNL) diluted to 50% resulted in the production of 3.27 g biomass per liter SNL. The fungal biomasses contained 407 g to 477 g of protein, 31 g to 114 g of fat, 56 g to 89 g of ash, and 297 g to 384 g of alkali-insoluble material (AIM) per kg of dry biomass. The amino acids, fatty acids, and mineral elements composition of the fungal biomasses corresponded to the composition of commercial protein sources especially soybean meal. Among the fungi examined, A. oryzae showed better performance to produce protein-rich fungal biomass during cultivation in the spent liquors.

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Fungi as an alternative to produce essential fatty acids

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Hindering of Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Fatty Acid Array Derived from an Endophytic Arthrographis kalrae Strain

Hindering of Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Fatty Acid Array Derived from an Endophytic Arthrographis kalrae Strain

ANTARCTIC FUNGI: A BIO-SOURCE ALTERNATIVE TO PRODUCE POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS (PUFAs)

Production of fungal biomass protein by filamentous fungi cultivation on liquid waste streams from pulping process

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