Fungal spores affecting vineyards in Montilla-Moriles Southern Spain

Martínez-Bracero, Moisés; Alcázar, Pilar; Velasco-Jiménez, M. J.; Galán, Carmen

doi:10.1007/s10658-018-1532-6

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Botrytis spore counts in aerobiological samples were markedly higher than Erysiphe and Plasmopara ones, which coincide with previous studies carried out at nearby vineyards [38], although in this case the airborne Plasmopara sporangia atmospheric content (a SSIn of 747 sporangia) was higher than the Erysiphe records (a SSIn of 578 spores). In other Southern Spain viticulture areas, the Erysiphe spore concentrations exceeded the Botrytis concentrations [4], which is related to the much warmer and drier climate and the different cultivars grown there (Pedro Ximénez, Verdejo, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Chardonnay).…”

Section: Relationship With Phenological Stage and Meteorological Inflmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Fungal Diseases in Two North-West Spain Vineyards: Relationship with Meteorological Conditions and Predictive Aerobiological Model

et al. 2020

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Grey mould, powdery mildew, and downy mildew are the most frequent fungal diseases among vineyards worldwide. In the present study, we analysed the influence of the fungi causing these diseases (Botrytis, Erysiphe, and Plasmopara, respectively) on two viticulture areas from North-western (NW) Spain during three growth seasons (2016, 2017, and 2018). The obtained results showed the predominant concentration of the Botrytis airborne spores, mainly from the beginning of the Inflorescence emerge phenological stage (S-5) until the end of the Flowering phenological stage (S-6). Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrations were more localised around Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7) phenological stages. We applied a Spearman’s correlation test and a Principal Component Analysis to determine the influence of the meteorological parameters on the concentration of airborne spores. Taking into account the variables with the highest correlation coefficient, we developed multiple regression models to forecast the phytopathogenic fungal spore concentrations. The Botrytis model regression equation explained between 59.4–70.9% of spore concentration variability. The Erysiphe equation explained between 57.6–61% and the Plasmopara explained between 39.9–55.8%. In general, we found better prediction results for mean daily concentrations than sporadic spore peaks.

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Section: Relationship With Phenological Stage and Meteorological Inflmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Among the cryptogamic diseases, the fungal grey mould, powdery mildew, and downy mildew epidemics have the highest incidence in European vineyards [1][2][3][4]. Grey mould caused by Botrytis spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Diseases in Two North-West Spain Vineyards: Relationship with Meteorological Conditions and Predictive Aerobiological Model

et al. 2020

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“…Several authors have noticed the synchronism between the most vulnerable grapevine growth stages and B. cinerea presence in many geographical areas (Esterio et al ., 2011; Ciliberti et al ., 2016; Carmichael et al ., 2018; Hatmi et al ., 2018; Martínez-Bracero et al ., 2018). The most widely accepted critical stages for grey mould infection are flowering (stage 6) and ripening of berries (stage 8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and evaluation of the main risk periods of Botrytis cinerea infection on grapevine based on phenology, weather conditions and airborne conidia

et al. 2020

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In the present study, a new method for a decision-support system for fungicide administration against the pathogen Botrytis cinerea in vineyards was developed based on Integrated Pest Management principles which identified an infection risk before the appearance of disease symptoms. The proposed method is based on the combination of (i) the phenological observations of the main susceptible stages to infection, (ii) the airborne spores monitoring, (iii) the forecasting of the suitable meteorological conditions for B. cinerea spore germination during the subsequent 4–6 days after the spore detection. Aerobiological, phenological and meteorological analyses were carried out using data from 2008 to 2015 in a vineyard of Northwestern Spain. Aerobiological spore data were obtained using a Lanzoni VPPS-2000 pollen-spore trap. Phenological observations were conducted on 22 plants of Treixadura cultivar following the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land und Forstwirtschaft, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie) scale. The Magarey generic fungal model was applied for the identification of the main meteorological suitable periods for infection within the susceptible phenological stages of flowering and ripening of berries. Our results showed that climatic conditions favoured fungal development during flowering, although a higher incidence of B. cinerea infection risk-periods occurred during the prior-to-harvest stage of ripening of berries, the most susceptible phenological stage to B. cinerea infection obtained by the proposed methodology. This approach enables more precise targeting in pesticide spraying and reduction in pesticide application from 4–5 to 2–3 times per year at our commercial study. It also illustrates the real-world benefits of integrated disease risk modelling.

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“…The next model step consists of DM-free sites on which the sporangia deposit after being detached from sporangiophores on sporulating DM lesions and dispersed into the air (Figure 1). Because P. viticola sporangia become airborne under a wide range of environmental conditions (Caffi et al, 2013a) and because they are normally present in the air of DM-affected vineyards (Diaz et al, 1997(Diaz et al, , 1998Albelda et al, 2005;Fernandez-Gonzalez et al, 2009;Magyar et al, 2009;Fernández-González et al, 2011Martínez-Bracero et al, 2019;Rodríguez et al, 2020), the model assumes that whenever there are sporangia on DM lesions, sporangia may detach, disperse, and be deposited on the host surface, i.e., when D' > 0; if D' = 0, there are no viable sporangia, and the model run ends.…”

Section: Spore Dispersal and Deposition Compartmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Weather-Driven Model for Predicting Infections of Grapevines by Sporangia of Plasmopara viticola

et al. 2021

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A mechanistic model was developed to predict secondary infections of Plasmopara viticola and their severity as influenced by environmental conditions; the model incorporates the processes of sporangia production and survival on downy mildew (DM) lesions, dispersal and deposition, and infection. The model was evaluated against observed data (collected in a 3-year vineyard) for its accuracy to predict periods with no sporangia (i.e., for negative prognosis) or with peaks of sporangia, so that growers can identify periods with no/low risk or high risk. The model increased the probability to correctly predict no sporangia [P(P−O−) = 0.67] by two times compared to the prior probability, with fewer than 3% of the total sporangia found in the vineyard being sampled when not predicted by the model. The model also correctly predicted peaks of sporangia, with only 1 of 40 peaks unpredicted. When evaluated for the negative prognosis of infection periods, the model showed a posterior probability for infection not to occur when not predicted P(P−O−) = 0.87 with only 9 of 108 real infections not predicted; these unpredicted infections were mild, accounting for only 4.4% of the total DM lesions observed in the vineyard. In conclusion, the model was able to identify periods in which the DM risk was nil or very low. It may, therefore, help growers avoid fungicide sprays when not needed and lengthen the interval between two sprays, i.e., it will help growers move from calendar-based to risk-based fungicide schedules for the control of P. viticola in vineyards.

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Fungal spores affecting vineyards in Montilla-Moriles Southern Spain

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Fungal Diseases in Two North-West Spain Vineyards: Relationship with Meteorological Conditions and Predictive Aerobiological Model

Fungal Diseases in Two North-West Spain Vineyards: Relationship with Meteorological Conditions and Predictive Aerobiological Model

Identification and evaluation of the main risk periods of Botrytis cinerea infection on grapevine based on phenology, weather conditions and airborne conidia

A Weather-Driven Model for Predicting Infections of Grapevines by Sporangia of Plasmopara viticola

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