Fungal Mycelium and Cotton Plant Materials in the Manufacture of Biodegradable Molded Packaging Material: Evaluation Study of Select Blends of Cotton Byproducts

Holt, Greg A.; McIntyre, Gavin; Flagg, D.; Bayer, Edward A.; Wanjura, John D.; Pelletier, Mathew G.

doi:10.1166/jbmb.2012.1241

Cited by 186 publications

(138 citation statements)

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“…Glass fines comprise primarily of silica (SiO 2 ) and contain up to 30 wt% organic surface matters including well‐documented fungal macronutrients (C, O, Mg, S, K) and micronutrients (Ca) (Figure ). Industrial wastes have not been used so far in the manufacture of mycelium composites, although mycelium has previously been noted to grow anaerobically from soil particles on nutrient‐free silica gel …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Glass fines comprise primarily of silica (SiO 2 ) and contain up to 30 wt% organic surface matters including well-documented fungal macronutrients (C, O, Mg, S, K) and micronutrients (Ca) 31 (Figure 2). Industrial wastes have not been used so far in the manufacture of mycelium composites, [1][2][3][4][5] although mycelium has previously been noted to grow anaerobically from soil particles on nutrient-free silica gel. 32 Rice hulls could be used for up to 75 wt% of the mycelium composite, supplemented by 25 wt% inoculated wheat grains, without significantly compromising mycelial growth or interfacial bonding.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycelium composites are a new type of novel, economical, and environmentally sustainable materials that have attracted increasing academic and commercial interests over the past decade . Mycelium is the vegetative growth of filamentous fungi that bonds organic matter through a network of hyphal microfilaments in a natural biological process that can be exploited to produce composite materials . This process is cost‐effective because mycelium can grow on and bind agricultural and industrial waste materials (eg, rice hulls, sugarcane bagasse, wheat, barley straw, and glass fines) that have little or no commercial value and convert them into high‐value composite materials for multiple applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process is cost‐effective because mycelium can grow on and bind agricultural and industrial waste materials (eg, rice hulls, sugarcane bagasse, wheat, barley straw, and glass fines) that have little or no commercial value and convert them into high‐value composite materials for multiple applications. Furthermore, the wide variety of utilisable substrates coupled with technological improvements in processing means that manufacturers can customise mycelium composites to meet specific structural and functional requirements including impact resistance, fire resistance, and thermal and acoustic insulation …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the wide variety of utilisable substrates coupled with technological improvements in processing means that manufacturers can customise mycelium composites to meet specific structural and functional requirements including impact resistance, fire resistance, and thermal and acoustic insulation. [1][2][3][4] The diverse range of useful properties of mycelium composites makes them suitable as low-cost and sustainable alternatives to widely used, highly flammable petroleum-derived and natural gas-derived synthetic polymers (eg, plastics including insulation foams) and resinbased engineered woods (eg, particleboard). These traditional construction materials have been identified as the main cause of severe and fatal fire incidents worldwide 8-11 because of significant heat release and the toxic fumes generated during combustion.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Waste‐derived low‐cost mycelium composite construction materials with improved fire safety

et al. 2018

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Summary Mycelial growth attracts academic and commercial interest because of its ability to upcycle agricultural and industrial wastes into economical and environmentally sustainable composite materials using a natural, low‐energy manufacturing process able to sequester carbon. This study aims to characterise the effect of varying ratios of high silica agricultural and industrial wastes on the flammability of mycelium composites, relative to typical synthetic construction materials. The results reveal that mycelium composites are safer than the traditional construction materials considered, producing much lower average and peak heat release rates and longer time to flashover. They also release significantly less smoke and CO2, although CO production fluctuated. Rice hulls yielded significant char and silica ash which improved fire performance, but composites containing glass fines exhibited the best fire performance because of their significantly higher silica concentrations and low combustible material content. Higher concentrations of glass fines increased volume‐specific cost but reduced mass‐specific and density‐specific costs. The findings of this study show that mycelium composites are a very economical alternative to highly flammable petroleum‐derived and natural gas‐derived synthetic polymers and engineered woods for applications including insulation, furniture, and panelling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Waste‐derived low‐cost mycelium composite construction materials with improved fire safety

et al. 2018

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Fungal Mycelia as Bioadhesives

2023

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Bioinspired Hydrophilic and Oleophilic Absorption Media from Biotemplated Fungi

et al. 2022

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Fungi are an incredibly diverse biological kingdom with organisms that have a wide range of morphologies, properties, and structures. Previous research has investigated the use of filamentous fungi, which have naturally porous structures created by hyphal filaments, as a means of phytoremediation. This study uses these natural fungal structures to create bioinspired materials that capture both the structure and functional absorption properties of fungi. Three types of filamentous fungi with different hyphal structures (monomitic, dimitic, and trimitic) are used as organic templates to create inorganic media using two different biotemplating methods to create silica and hybrid samples. Characterization of these samples is completed using scanning electron microscope imaging, chemical characterization, nanoindentation, and hydrophilic and oleophilic absorption tests. Biotemplated samples have similar structures as their organic templates, but contained silica, which is not present in natural, dehydrated fungal samples. Fourier transform infrared analysis shows better cross‐linking in the hybrid samples, which also have higher mechanical resistance than the silica samples. Absorption testing demonstrates that silica samples are closest to mimicking the absorption properties of natural, dehydrated samples. Of the three hyphal structures, the monomitic samples show the greatest increase in mechanical properties and maintenance of absorption properties when biotemplated.

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Fungal Mycelium and Cotton Plant Materials in the Manufacture of Biodegradable Molded Packaging Material: Evaluation Study of Select Blends of Cotton Byproducts

Cited by 186 publications

References 0 publications

Waste‐derived low‐cost mycelium composite construction materials with improved fire safety

Waste‐derived low‐cost mycelium composite construction materials with improved fire safety

Fungal Mycelia as Bioadhesives

Bioinspired Hydrophilic and Oleophilic Absorption Media from Biotemplated Fungi

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