Fungal isolate and crop cultivar influence the beneficial effects of root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi in strawberry

Canassa, Fernanda; D’Alessandro, Celeste Paola; Sousa, Sidcleide B.; Demétrio, Clarice Garcia Borges; Meyling, Nicolai V.; Klingen, Ingeborg; Delalibera, Ítalo

doi:10.1002/ps.5662

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although we found some variation in tolerance to UV-B radiation and high temperatures between isolates of the same species, similarities could also be seen, e.g., the three isolates of M. robertsii growing faster at 33 • C or conidia of isolates of M. anisopliae better tolerating incubation at 40 • C. The present study shows that isolates of each species represent biological plasticity and that isolates of the same species can exhibit very different responses to environmental variables, thus not making it possible to generalize results to the species level. A similar conclusion was reported by Canassa et al (2020) concerning the ability of Metarhizium spp. isolates to interact with plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

UV-B Radiation Tolerance and Temperature-Dependent Activity Within the Entomopathogenic Fungal Genus Metarhizium in Brazil

Couceiro

Fatoretto

Demétrio

et al. 2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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Metarhizium comprises a phylogenetically diverse genus of entomopathogenic fungi. In Brazil, Metarhizium anisopliae s.str. subclade Mani 2 is predominantly isolated from insects, while M. robertsii and M. brunneum mostly occur in the soil environment. Solar radiation and high temperatures are important abiotic factors that can be detrimental to fungal propagules. We hypothesized that among 12 Brazilian isolates of Metarhizium spp., M. anisopliae Mani 2 (n = 6), being adapted to abiotic conditions of the phylloplane, is more tolerant to UV light and high temperatures than M. robertsii (n = 3) and M. brunneum (n = 3). Inoculum of each isolate was exposed to UV-B for up to 8 h and viability evaluated 48 h later. After 8 h under UV-B, most of the isolates had germination rates below 5%. Discs of mycelia were incubated at different temperatures, and diameter of colonies were recorded for 12 days. Mycelia of M. robertsii isolates grew faster at 33 °C, while M. anisopliae and M. brunneum grew most at 25 °C. Dry conidia were incubated at 20, 25 or 40 °C for 12 days, and then viabilities were examined. At 40 °C, conidia of five M. anisopliae isolates were the most tolerant. In the three experiments, considerable intra- and inter-specific variability was detected. The results indicate that conclusions about tolerance to these abiotic factors should be made only at the isolate level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

UV-B Radiation Tolerance and Temperature-Dependent Activity Within the Entomopathogenic Fungal Genus Metarhizium in Brazil

Couceiro

Fatoretto

Demétrio

et al. 2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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“…Interestingly, pre-harvest maize stand density and yield were increased only in one of the three varieties. Similar differential interactions between EPF and different plant varieties were reported by Canassa et al (2020) for two root-inoculated strawberry varieties. This highlights the problems of generalizations and warrants further studies on the mechanisms of plant × fungus interactions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Bioaugmentation of Entomopathogenic Fungi for Sustainable Agriotes Larvae (Wireworms) Management in Maize

2020

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Soil microorganisms influence biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of crops. Most interactions between plant symbiotic and non-symbiotic soil microorganisms and plants occur in the rhizosphere and are sustained through plant exudation/rhizodeposition. Bioaugmentation, i.e., the introduction or amplification of certain plant beneficial microbes (e.g., entomopathogenic fungi) into the rhizosphere, could contribute to controlling insect crop pests and replacing chemical, environmentally unfriendly insecticides. Wireworms, the soil-burrowing larval stages of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are major pests of crops including maize, wheat and potatoes, worldwide. Alternative strategies for controlling wireworms are needed because several chemical pesticides used successfully in the past are being phased out because of their ecotoxicity. Therefore, virulence to Agriotes lineatus L. wireworms and plant beneficial traits of entomopathogenic fungi were investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Tested taxa included environmentally retrieved Metarhizium brunneum Petch. (two strains), M. robertsii Bisch., Rehner & Humber (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), and Beauveria brongniartii (Sacc.) Petch. and commercially formulated B. bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Cordycipitaceae) and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner 1915 var. kurstaki. In-house reared larvae were dipped in conidial suspension, and maize and wheat seeds were coated with fungal conidia. Metarhizium brunneum strains 1154 and 1868 significantly increased wireworm mortality. Fungi were significantly more often re-isolated from maize than wheat rhizoplanes in laboratory assays. The strains tested were rarely isolated as endophytes. Metarhizium brunneum strain 1154 stimulated wheat growth, while M. robertsii 1880 stimulated maize growth, whereas M. brunneum 1868 and others did not affect root or shoot length or plant biomass significantly in laboratory settings. Metarhizium brunneum strain 1868, re-isolated most often from maize rhizoplane, caused the highest wireworm mortality. It was further evaluated whether M. brunneum 1868 can protect maize varieties FeroXXY, LG 34.90 and Chapalu from wireworm damage and promote plant growth at field conditions. Plants of all three varieties stemming from seeds treated with conidia of M. brunneum 1868 showed significantly less wireworm damage 3 to 4 weeks after sowing (5

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“…The mechanisms involved in the recorded effects of beneficial microbes applied in the soil on herbivore performance remain to be elucidated so that we can better exploit their potential as biological control agents. Several mechanisms can be involved, such as the production of secondary metabolites, antibiotic effects, feeding deterrents and plant defense induction [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10]22]. With regard to C. fumosorosea in particular, we also cannot exclude the possibility that negative effects on herbivore performance are related to the entomopathogenic activity of the fungus colonizing the plant [3,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Metarhizium spp. strains, as a soil drench or treating seeds or roots to assess their impact on T. urticae performance [22][23][24][25][26]. Most of these studies have been performed in tomato, bean and strawberry plants, whereas remarkably, no study has been conducted on the impact of endophytic entomopathogens in pepper against spider mites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, all of the above studies have identified several strains of entomopathogens with plant protection capabilities when applied in the soil. For example, Canassa et al [22] evaluated 25 entomopathogenic fungal isolates of three genera (Metarhizium, Beauveria and Cordyceps) that almost all negatively affected spider mite performance in strawberry plants, and tomato seed treatments by isolates of B. bassiana and M. robertsii but not M. brunneum resulted in a reduction in spider mite population growth [29], as did the seed inoculation of beans with isolates of B. bassiana, Cordyceps fumosorosea (Isaria fumosorosea) and Akanthomyces lecanii (Lecanicillium lecanii) [26] as well as with M. robertsii [30]. Nevertheless, the symbioses of soil microbes with other plants, such as tomato or pepper, and their interactions with aboveground spider mites remain unexplored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beneficial Soil Microbes Negatively Affect Spider Mites and Aphids in Pepper

et al. 2021

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Beneficial soil microbes have long been recognized for their ability to improve plant growth, to antagonize pathogens and to prime plants against biotic stressors. Nevertheless, their ability to enhance plant resistance against arthropod pests remains largely unexplored, especially in crop plants such as pepper. Herein, we assessed the effects of several fungal and bacterial species/strains applied in the soil on the performance of key pests of pepper plants. Specifically, we recorded the impact of pepper inoculation with commercial strains of beneficial bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Pseudomonas spp.) as well as fungi (Trichoderma spp. and Cordyceps fumosorosea) on the population growth of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Furthermore, we recorded the effects of microbial inoculation on plant growth parameters, such as stem and root weight. We found that both pests can be negatively affected by microbial inoculation: spider mites laid up to 40% fewer eggs, and the number of aphids were up to 50% less on pepper-inoculated plants, depending on the microbe. We also recorded a variation among the tested microbes in their impact on herbivore performance, but no significant effects were found on plant biomass. Our results add to the growing literature that beneficial soil microbes may be capable of exerting biocontrol capabilities against aboveground herbivorous pests possibly, among other means, via the elicitation of plant defense responses.

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Fungal isolate and crop cultivar influence the beneficial effects of root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi in strawberry

Cited by 27 publications

References 72 publications

UV-B Radiation Tolerance and Temperature-Dependent Activity Within the Entomopathogenic Fungal Genus Metarhizium in Brazil

UV-B Radiation Tolerance and Temperature-Dependent Activity Within the Entomopathogenic Fungal Genus Metarhizium in Brazil

Bioaugmentation of Entomopathogenic Fungi for Sustainable Agriotes Larvae (Wireworms) Management in Maize

Beneficial Soil Microbes Negatively Affect Spider Mites and Aphids in Pepper

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