Fungal Infections and ABPA

Aogáin, Micheál Mac; Vidaillac, Céline; Chotirmall, Sanjay H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42382-7_6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…Firstly, gut dysbiosis (which has long been implicated in allergy) 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 may contribute to ABPA pathogenesis via the gut‐lung axis. 21 Furthermore, chronic infection and prolonged antibiotic exposure have been linked with allergy through T h 2 skewing, and both were prolific in the cohort. 22 Antibiotic use has also been identified as a factor for drug allergy, 33 , 34 , 35 and it is probable that the widespread use in this cohort contributed to the frequency of drug reactions seen here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is thought that gut dysbiosis (which is common in CF), 19 , 20 might lead to dysregulation of the mycobiome, expansion of A. fumigatus and predispose individuals to airway sensitisation. 21 Other possible factors include prolonged exposure to antibiotics, and a susceptibility to lung infection with P. aeruginosa , which are both associated with the development of allergy. 22 , 23 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterising the allergic profile of children with cystic fibrosis

Faulkner

Grayling

Shillitoe

et al. 2021

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects multiple organ systems. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a wellrecognised problem but other allergic conditions are less well documented in CF.Objective: To characterise the allergic profile of a cohort of children with CF, with a focus on those with ABPA.Methods: A cohort of children with CF were interviewed and retrospective data were collected regarding their allergic histories and other relevant clinical features. Results:The cohort included 37 children with median age of 9 years (interquartile range: 6-12). There was a history of ≥1 allergic condition(s) in 28/37 children (76%). The most common allergic condition was allergic rhinitis (AR) in 21/37 (57%) and 16 of these 21 children (76%) had another allergic condition. All children with ABPA (8) had another allergic condition. In some children ABPA exacerbations appeared to be seasonal, suggesting possible cross-sensitisation between Aspergillus fumigatus and aeroallergens associated with seasonal AR. Allergic conditions were also common in children with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising the allergic profile of children with cystic fibrosis

Faulkner

Grayling

Shillitoe

et al. 2021

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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“…We identified a high prevalence of both the Aspergillus fungi and related sensitization response including significant (and largely clinically undetected) proportions of sABPA. 12,24,36,108,109 Significant levels of polysensitization, going beyond fungi and including common environmental allergens were identified independent of patient origin. These include crude allergens of the house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Blomia tropicalis and the fungi Alternaria alternata.…”

Section: Immunoallertypes and The Role Of Aspergillus Sensitization In Endophenotyping Bronchiectasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus-Associated Endophenotypes in Bronchiectasis

Jaggi

Ter

Aogáin

et al. 2021

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition of global relevance resulting in permanent and irreversible structural airway damage. Bacterial infection in bronchiectasis is well studied; however, recent molecular studies identify fungi as important pathogens, either independently or in association with bacteria. Aspergillus species are established fungal pathogens in cystic fibrosis and their role is now increasingly being recognized in noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. While the healthy airway is constantly exposed to ubiquitously present Aspergillus conidia in the environment, anatomically damaged airways appear more prone to colonization and subsequent infection by this fungal group. Aspergilli possess diverse immunopathological mechanistic capabilities and when coupled with innate immune defects in a susceptible host, such as that observed in bronchiectasis, it may promote a range of clinical manifestations including sensitization, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Aspergillus bronchitis, and/or invasive aspergillosis. How such clinical states influence “endophenotypes” in bronchiectasis is therefore of importance, as each Aspergillus-associated disease state has overlapping features with bronchiectasis itself, and can evolve, depending on underlying host immunity from one type into another. Concurrent Aspergillus infection complicates the clinical course and exacerbations in bronchiectasis and therefore dedicated research to better understand the Aspergillus-host interaction in the bronchiectasis airway is now warranted.

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