Fungal Elicitor-Induced Bean Proline-Rich Protein mRNA Down-Regulation Is Due to Destabilization That Is Transcription and Translation Dependent.

Zhang, Shuqun; Sheng, Jinsong; Liu, Yidong; Mehdy, Mona C.

doi:10.1105/tpc.5.9.1089

Cited by 49 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The authors hypothesized that this likely cell wall protein is reduced because of its low Tyr content and therefore its low potential for wall strengthening during the defense response (Sheng et al, 1991). The decrease in the PvPRP1 mRNA level in cells treated with elicitors was demonstrated to be due to destabilization, which is dependent on the synthesis of new RNA and protein (Zhang et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proline-, Threonine-, and Glycine-Rich Protein Down-Regulated by Drought Is Localized in the Cell Wall of Xylem Elements

Harrak

Chamberland²,

Plante³

et al. 1999

Plant Physiology

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A cDNA clone encoding a proline-, threonine-, and glycine-rich protein (PTGRP) was isolated from a wild tomato species (Lycopersicon chilense) (L.X. Yu, H. Chamberland, J.G. Lafontain, Z. Tabaeizadeh [1996] Genome 39: 1185-1193). Northern-blot analysis and in situ hybridization studies revealed that PTGRP is downregulated by drought stress. The level of the mRNA in leaves and stems of 8-d drought-stressed plants decreased 5-to 10-fold compared with that in regularly watered plants. The mRNA reaccumulated when drought-stressed plants were rewatered. Antibodies raised against a glutathione S-transferase/PTGRP fusion protein were used to elucidate the subcellular localization of the protein by immunogold labeling. In regularly watered L. chilense plants, PTGRP protein was found to be localized in xylem pit membranes and disintegrated primary walls. Examination of sections from drought-stressed plants revealed a significant decrease in the levels of labeling. In these samples, only a few scattered gold particles were detected in the same areas. In the leaf tissues of plants that had been rewatered for 3 d following an 8-d drought stress, the labeling pattern was similar to that of the regularly watered plants. To our knowledge, PTGRP is the first droughtregulated protein that has been precisely localized in the cell wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proline-, Threonine-, and Glycine-Rich Protein Down-Regulated by Drought Is Localized in the Cell Wall of Xylem Elements

Harrak

Chamberland²,

Plante³

et al. 1999

Plant Physiology

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“…Although there is no precedence for mRNA turnover as a regulatory step for GS in bacteria, regulation through differential stability of the same mRNA under different growth conditions is well documented in eukaryotic cells (Atwater et al, 1990;Brodl and Ho, 1991;Zhang et al, 1993). Analysis of Arabidopsis mutants that overaccumulate soluble Met revealed that the gene for cystathionine ␥-synthase, the key enzyme in Met biosynthesis, is regulated at the level of mRNA stability (Chiba et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Overexpression of Cytosolic Glutamine Synthetase (GS1) Gene in Transgenic Alfalfa Demonstrates That GS1 May Be Regulated at the Level of RNA Stability and Protein Turnover

2001

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Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the ATP-dependent condensation of NH 4 ϩ with glutanate to yield glutamine. Gene constructs consisting of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter driving a cytosolic isoform of GS (GS 1 ) gene have been introduced into alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Although transcripts for the transgene were shown to accumulate to high levels in the leaves, they were undetectable in the nodules. However, significant amounts of ␤-glucuronidase activity could be detected in nodules of plants containing the CaMV 35S promoter-␤-glucuronidase gene construct, suggesting that the transcript for the GS 1 transgene is not stable in the root nodules. Leaves of alfalfa plants with the CaMV 35S promoter-GS 1 gene showed high levels of accumulation of the transcript for the transgene when grown under low-nitrogen conditions and showed a significant drop in the level of GS 1 transcripts when fed with high levels of NO 3 Ϫ . However, no increase in GS activity or polypeptide level was detected in the leaves of transgenic plants. The results suggest that GS 1 is regulated at the level of RNA stability and protein turnover.

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“…1). In addition, AOS may regulate the stability of defense-related "As (Zhang et al, 1993). Treatment of bean :e11 suspensions with H202 induced the accumulation of mRNAs encoding Phe ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, and chalcone isomerase (enzymes required for phytoalexin biosynthesis) and a baisic endochitinase, whereas a mRNA encoding a Prorich protein was degraded (Y. Sharma, K. Sathasivan, N. Bays, and M.C.…”

Section: Roles Of Aos In Plant Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Active Oxygen Species in Plant Defense against Pathogens

Mehdy¹

1994

Plant Physiol.

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766

434

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Plant disease resistance to pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses often depends on whether the plant is able to recognize the pathogen early in the infection process. The recognition event leads to a rapid tissue necrosis at the site of infection, which is called the HR. The HR deprives the pathogen of nutrients and/or releases toxic molecules, thereby confining pathogen growth to a small region of the plant. This response provides resistance to the great majority of potential pathogens (nonhost or species resistance). For a given plant species, a much more limited number of true pathogens exhibit the ability to evade the host recognition system and grow extensively within the plant without evoking host necrosis at a11 or only after considerable delay. In this case, the plant exhibits susceptibility and the extensive growth of the successful pathogen can cause varying degrees of damage. However, certain races within pathogenic bacteria1 or funga1 species are recognized by certain cultivars or genotypes of the host plant species and the HR is triggered. These observations indicate that there is an ongqing evolution of the host plant's ability to recognize pathogen races that were previously unrecognized while the pathogen evolves to avoid recognition by a previously resistant host.Recognition of pathogens triggers a large range of inducible defense mechanisms that are believed to contribute to overall resistance in the plant. The mechanisms induced at the site of infection and associated with the HR include synthesis of antimicrobial compounds called phytoalexins, synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes that attack fungi and bacteria, and alterations in the synthesis of cell-wall structural proteins (for review, see Lamb et al., 1989). Many of these responses are due to transcriptional activation of specific genes that are collectively known as plant defense or defense-related genes. Defense gene regulation has been extensively studied both in intact plant-pathogen interactions and in model systems in which plant cell suspensions are treated with pathogenderived molecules termed elicitors.Severa1 rapid processes characteristic of the HR appear to involve primarily activation of preexisting components rather than changes in gene expression. One of these rapid processes is the striking release of AOS, which is termed the oxidative burst. This response to pathogens or elicitors has been observed in diverse monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species including rice, tobacco, soybean, and spruce. The AOS are toxic intermediates that result from successive oneelectron steps in the reduction of molecular 02. The predominant species detected in plant-pathogen interactions are superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H202), and hydroxyl radical (OH). The oxidative burst is correlated with the HR in a number of plant-pathogen interactions and therefore may be an important element contributing to disease resistance.This review first describes the occurrence of the oxidative burst in severa1 plant-pathogen interactions. S...

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Fungal Elicitor-Induced Bean Proline-Rich Protein mRNA Down-Regulation Is Due to Destabilization That Is Transcription and Translation Dependent.

Cited by 49 publications

References 45 publications

A Proline-, Threonine-, and Glycine-Rich Protein Down-Regulated by Drought Is Localized in the Cell Wall of Xylem Elements

A Proline-, Threonine-, and Glycine-Rich Protein Down-Regulated by Drought Is Localized in the Cell Wall of Xylem Elements

Constitutive Overexpression of Cytosolic Glutamine Synthetase (GS1) Gene in Transgenic Alfalfa Demonstrates That GS1 May Be Regulated at the Level of RNA Stability and Protein Turnover

Active Oxygen Species in Plant Defense against Pathogens

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