Fungal diversity in soils and historic wood from the Ross Sea Region of Antarctica

Arenz, B.; Held, Benjamin W.; Jurgens, Joel A.; Farrell, Roberta L.; Blanchette, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.016

Cited by 180 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The initial work of Loque et al (2010) and the present study, which addresses the fungal communities associated with eight macroalgae sampled along a latitudinal gradient over 350 km on the Antarctica Peninsula, represent the first systematic analyses of this kind. Similar to other mycological studies conducted in the Antarctic that have characterised fungi in soil (Fell et al, 2006), wood debris (Arenz et al, 2006), lakes and in associations with plants (Rosa et al, 2009), the fungal taxa associated with the Antarctic macroalgae examined in this study comprised a few dominant taxa. Our results agree with those of Suryanarayanan et al (2010), who found few dominant fungal species associated with 25 macroalgae occurring along the coast of southern India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In Antarctica, species of Penicillium have been described from the soil (Azmiá andSeppelt, 1998), lakes (Ellis-Evans, 1996), wood (Arenz et al, 2006) and on the macroalga A. utricularis (Loque et al, 2010). As an extremophile, P. chrysogenum has been isolated as a dominant species from Arctic subglacial ice (Gunde-Cimerman et al, 2003, Sonjak et al, 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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We surveyed the distribution and diversity of fungi associated with eight macroalgae from Antarctica and their capability to produce bioactive compounds. The collections yielded 148 fungal isolates, which were identified using molecular methods as belonging to 21 genera and 50 taxa. The most frequent taxa were Geomyces species (sp.), Penicillium sp. and Metschnikowia australis. Seven fungal isolates associated with the endemic Antarctic macroalgae Monostroma hariotii (Chlorophyte) displayed high internal transcribed spacer sequences similarities with the psychrophilic pathogenic fungus Geomyces destructans. Thirty-three fungal singletons (66%) were identified, representing rare components of the fungal communities. The fungal communities displayed high diversity, richness and dominance indices; however, rarefaction curves indicated that not all of the fungal diversity present was recovered. Penicillium sp. UFMGCB 6034 and Penicillium sp. UFMGCB 6120, recovered from the endemic species Palmaria decipiens (Rhodophyte) and M. hariotii, respectively, yielded extracts with high and selective antifungal and/or trypanocidal activities, in which a preliminary spectral analysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated the presence of highly functionalised aromatic compounds. These results suggest that the endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae of Antarctica shelter a rich, diversity and complex fungal communities consisting of a few dominant indigenous or mesophilic cold-adapted species, and a large number of rare and/or endemic taxa, which may provide an interesting model of algal-fungal interactions under extreme conditions as well as a potential source of bioactive compounds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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“…Blanchette et al (2004) first reported an unusual form of soft rot decay caused by Cadophora species which can cause degradation of the historic huts and artefacts. This type of decay has subsequently been found to be prevalent in historic woods and in soils from the immediate vicinity of the huts at many Antarctic locations and variety of filamentous fungi and yeasts such as Cadophora, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus and Geomyces species were discovered with a high frequency (Arenz et al 2006; Arenz and Blanchette 2009; Blanchette et al 2010). Although there are few woody plants on the Antarctic continent, researches provide strong evidence that Antarctic fungi are able to colonise and degrade-introduced wood and other organic materials (Blanchette et al 2004, 2010).…”

Section: Cold-adapted Fungi and Their Living Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pannorum is a soil-inhibiting fungus often associated with cold temperatures. It has been isolated from Arctic permafrost as well as the soils of Antarctica, glacier bank soils in some Asian countries (Deshmukh 2002; Arenz et al 2006; Ozerskaya et al 2008). This fungus maintains cell and membrane function at low temperatures by elevating levels of unsaturated fats and compounds with cryoprotectant properties such as trehalose and various polyols at low temperature (Finotti et al 1996; Hayes and Mark 2012).…”

Section: Representative Cold-adapted Fungal Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living strategy of cold-adapted fungi with the reference to several representative species

et al. 2017

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Our planet is dominant with cold environments that harbour enormously diverse cold-adapted fungi comprising representatives of all phyla. Investigation based on culture-dependent and independent methods has demonstrated that cold-adapted fungi are cosmopolitan and occur in diverse habitants and substrates. They live as saprobes, symbionts, plant and animal parasites and pathogens to perform crucial functions in different ecosystems. Pseudogymnoascus destructans caused bat white-nose syndrome and Ophiocordyceps sinensis as Chinese medicine are the representative species that have significantly ecological and economic significance. Adaptation to cold niches has made this group of fungi a fascinating resource for the discovery of novel enzymes and secondary metabolites for biotechnological and pharmaceutical uses. This review provides the current understanding of living strategy and ecological functions of cold-adapted fungi, with particular emphasis on how those fungi overcome the extreme low temperature and perform their ecological function.

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“…Recently, substantial advances have been made in our understanding of the fungal community ecology in natural environments through the application of molecular techniques, including clone library construction (Borneman and Hartin, 2000), automated rRNA intergenic space analysis (Ranjard et al, 2001), terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (Lord et al, 2002) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (May et al, 2001;Smit et al, 2003). DGGE coupled with clone library construction has been shown to be an efficient molecular approach to study fungal communities in diverse terrestrial environments (May et al, 2001;Anderson et al, 2003;Smit et al, 2003;Anderson and Cairney, 2004;Arenz et al, 2006;Artz et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2008b). However, none of these molecular methods has been used to explore mycoplankton (that is, planktonic aquatic fungi) communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of the spatial diversity and novel lineages of mycoplankton in Hawaiian coastal waters

2009

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Microbial community diversity and composition have critical biogeochemical roles in the functioning of marine ecosystems. Large populations of planktonic fungi exist in coastal ocean waters, yet their diversity and role in carbon and nutrient cycling remain largely unknown. Lack of information on critical functional microbial groups limits our understanding of their ecological roles in coastal oceans and hence our understanding of its functioning in the ocean's carbon and nutrient cycles. To address this gap, this study applied the molecular approach denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) coupled with clone library construction to investigate mycoplankton communities in Hawaiian coastal waters. Mycoplankton communities displayed distinct lateral and vertical variations in diversity and composition. Compared with the open ocean, surface (o100 m) near-shore waters had the greatest diversity and species richness of mycoplankton, whereas no differences were found among stations at depths below 150 m. Vertical diversity profiles in the coastal waters suggested that diversity and species richness were positively correlated to phytoplankton biomass in the coastal waters, but not in offshore waters. A total of 46 species were identified and belonging to two phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, with the basidiomycetes as the dominant group (n ¼ 42). The majority (n ¼ 27) of the basidiomycetes are novel phylotypes showing less than 98% identity in the 18S rRNA gene with any sequence in GenBank. This study provides insight into mycoplankton ecology and is the first molecular analysis of planktonic fungi in the oceans. The ISME Journal (

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Fungal diversity in soils and historic wood from the Ross Sea Region of Antarctica

Cited by 180 publications

References 22 publications

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

Living strategy of cold-adapted fungi with the reference to several representative species

Molecular characterization of the spatial diversity and novel lineages of mycoplankton in Hawaiian coastal waters

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