Fungal community assembly in soils and roots under plant invasion and nitrogen deposition

Phillips, Michala L.; Weber, Sören E.; Andrews, Lela V.; Aronson, Emma L.; Allen, Michael F.; Allen, Edith B.

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2019.01.002

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Different AMF taxa vary in their sensitivity and strategies to nutrient fluctuations in soil (Phillips et al, 2019;Weber et al, 2019). These differences may induce different AMF responses to warming and result in shifts in the AMF community composition.…”

Section: Effects Of Warming and Precipitation Changes On Amf Abundance And Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Edaphophilic AMF often refer to guilds with high allocation to extraradical hyphae and low allocation to intraradical hyphae (e.g., Diversisporaceae and Gigasporaceae). Because of their ability to produce more extensive extraradical hyphal networks for the uptake of immobilized nutrients (e.g., phosphorus) (Varela-Cervero et al, 2016;Weber et al, 2019), these taxa may outcompete Glomeraceae when soil N becomes more abundant or more attainable for plants (Phillips et al, 2019;Treseder et al, 2018; Weber…”

Section: Effects Of Warming and Precipitation Changes On Amf Abundanc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Qiu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) significantly contribute to plant resource acquisition and play important roles in mediating plant interactions and soil carbon (C) dynamics. However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond to climate change.We assessed impacts of warming and precipitation alterations (30% increase or decrease) on soil AMF communities, and examined major ecological processes shaping the AMF community assemblage in a Tibetan alpine meadow. Our results showed that warming significantly increased root biomass, and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil. While precipitation alterations increased AMF abundances, they did not significantly affect the composition or diversity of AMF communities. In contrast, warming altered the composition of AMF communities and reduced their Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou's evenness. In particular, warming shifted the AMF community composition in favor of Diversisporaceae over Glomeraceae, likely through its impact on soil N and P availability. In addition, AMF communities were phylogenetically random in the unwarmed control but clustered in warming plots, implying more deterministic community assembly under climate warming. Warming enhancement of root growth, N and P availability likely reduced plant C-allocation to AMF, imposing stronger environmental filtering on AMF communities. We further proposed a conceptual framework that integrates biological and geochemical processes into a mechanistic understanding of warming and precipitation changes' effects on AMF.Taken together, these results suggest that soil AMF communities may be more sensitive to warming than expected, highlighting the need to monitor their community structure and associated functional consequences on plant communities and soil C dynamics under the future warmer climate.

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Section: Effects Of Warming and Precipitation Changes On Amf Abundance And Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Warming and Precipitation Changes On Amf Abundanc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Qiu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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“…Differences in range size between each mycorrhizal fungal guild were determined using a univariate ANOVA with the fixed factor of mycorrhizal fungal type. Because hyphal exploration types, nutrient acquisition and response to global change are often conserved within mycorrhizal fungal genera (Chagnon et al., 2013;Phillips et al., 2019;Treseder et al., 2018), I also used univariate ANOVAs to determine how spore size and range sizes varied among genera within each mycorrhizal fungal guild when a genus contained at least three representative fungal taxa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trade‐offs in growth form among AM fungal lineages may result in functional variation in resource competition, disturbance tolerance or stress tolerance (Chagnon, Bradley, Maherali, & Klironomos, 2013). For example, fungi in the Diversisporaceae have greater access to soil nutrients and fungi in the Glomeraceae tend to compete with pathogens for space in the root, resulting in different benefits for the host plant (Phillips et al., 2019;Treseder et al., 2018). Additional trade‐offs may occur for resource acquisition of nitrogen versus phosphorus among AM fungal lineages (Treseder et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global mycorrhizal fungal range sizes vary within and among mycorrhizal guilds but are not correlated with dispersal traits

Kivlin

2020

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Mycorrhizal fungi associate with the majority of plant species with large consequences on ecosystem nutrient, carbon and water cycling. Two main types of mycorrhizal fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, dominate terrestrial ecosystems. Most global distribution modelling of AM and EM associations describe the distribution of AM and EM plants, and not fungi directly. However, significant functional trait variation occurs within AM and EM fungal guilds. Therefore, modelling range sizes and determinants of these ranges of fungi directly is likely to create spatial maps that are a better proxy of ecosystem function than guild‐level lumping of AM and EM plant distributions. Location Global. Taxa Arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi. Methods Here I calculated the ranges of 164 AM and 67 EM fungal taxa at the global scale and related range sizes to differences in spore sizes as a proxy of dispersal potential. If dispersal limitation affects range sizes, I expected that EM fungi with smaller spores would have larger ranges than AM fungi with larger spores. If spore size was not related to range size, this would indicate factors other than passive dispersal control global mycorrhizal fungal ranges. Results Overall, AM fungal taxa had larger ranges than EM fungal taxa. AM fungi also had larger spore sizes than EM fungi. Range sizes within both AM and EM fungal taxa were phylogenetically conserved; closely related AM and EM fungi have similar range sizes. Closely related EM fungi also had similar spore sizes. However, spore size was not related to range size for either mycorrhizal fungal guild after phylogenetic correction, except for EM fungi in the Northern hemisphere. Main Conclusions These findings provide evidence that range size for both mycorrhizal fungal guilds is for the most part not determined by dispersal limitation, suggesting instead that environmental tolerance or plant host distributions determine mycorrhizal fungal ranges. Future surveys of the same plant species across environmental gradients will elucidate abiotic versus host plant influence on mycorrhizal fungal niches.

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“…To examine responses of the AMF community (18S) within a fungal functional group framework, we assigned families of Glomeromycotina to AMF functional groups: rhizophilic, edaphophilic, and ancestral, using AMF resource allocation patterns defined in previous studies [20,58]. We did not include sequences assigned to the taxon Geosiphon pyriformis, as reads reportedly identified as G. pyriformis are not considered as rhizophilic, ancestral, or edaphophilic AMF.…”

Section: Bioinformaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Mechanisms for Successful Ecological Restoration with Salvaged Topsoil in Coastal Sage Scrub Communities

Schmidt

Maltz

et al. 2020

Diversity

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Although aboveground metrics remain the standard, restoring functional ecosystems should promote both aboveground and belowground biotic communities. Restoration using salvaged soil—removal and translocation of topsoil from areas planned for development, with subsequent deposition at degraded sites—is an alternative to traditional methods. Salvaged soil contains both seed and spore banks, which may holistically augment restoration. Salvaged soil methods may reduce non-native germination by burying non-native seeds, increase native diversity by adding native seeds, or transfer soil microbiomes, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to recipient sites. We transferred soil to three degraded recipient sites and monitored soil microbes, using flow cytometry and molecular analyses, and characterized the plant community composition. Our findings suggest that salvaged soil at depths ≥5 cm reduced non-native grass cover and increased native plant density and species richness. Bacterial abundance at recipient sites were statistically equivalent to donor sites in abundance. Overall, topsoil additions affected AMF alpha diversity and community composition and increased rhizophilic AMF richness. Because salvaged soil restoration combines multiple soil components, including native plant and microbial propagules, it may promote both aboveground and belowground qualities of the donor site, when applying this method for restoring invaded and degraded ecosystems.

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Fungal community assembly in soils and roots under plant invasion and nitrogen deposition

Cited by 56 publications

References 66 publications

Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Global mycorrhizal fungal range sizes vary within and among mycorrhizal guilds but are not correlated with dispersal traits

Identifying Mechanisms for Successful Ecological Restoration with Salvaged Topsoil in Coastal Sage Scrub Communities

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