Fungal colonisation on wood surfaces weathered at diverse climatic conditions

Poohphajai, Faksawat; Myronycheva, Olena; Karlsson, Olov; Belt, Tiina; Rautkari, Lauri; Sandak, Jakub; Gubenšek, Ana; Zalar, Polona; Gunde‐Cimerman, Nina; Sandak, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17355

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The samples were exposed to natural weathering between mid-October and mid-November (Figure 1b). This was early autumn in a coastal region, with consistently high relative humidity and temperatures between 10 • C and 25 • C. These conditions were favourable for microbial growth [33] and the results presented in this work would most likely be different if another time period would be chosen for weathering and sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Bioreceptivity of Biobased Cladding Materials

Butina Ogorelec,

Gubenšek,

Poohphajai

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Materials exposed to the outdoors are prone to various deterioration processes. Architectural coatings are designed to protect surfaces against environmental and biotic degradation and to provide a decorative layer. The objective of this work was to examine the early colonisers on a diverse set of coated and non-coated biobased façade materials. A set of 33 wood-based cladding materials were exposed to four cardinal directions and monitored in outdoor conditions. The surfaces were sampled using a wet swab and plated on DG-18 agar, which prevents the growth of bacteria and limits the growth of fast-growing fungi. Pure cultures were then isolated and identified through PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of specific DNA regions/genes. The response of cladding materials to weathering and fungal infestation was assessed. The proposed techniques enabled the identification of features that promote/inhibit fungal colonisation and revealed the preference of certain fungi for specific materials. Both the material type and the climate condition at the exposure site influence fungal colonisation. This study is a starting point for more exhaustive assays that aim to develop a novel coating system based on controlled and optimized fungal biofilm formation, and is proposed as a nature-inspired alternative for the protection of architectonic surfaces.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Bioreceptivity of Biobased Cladding Materials

Butina Ogorelec,

Gubenšek,

Poohphajai

et al. 2023

Coatings

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“…This antagonistic activity serves as a natural defence mechanism that inhibits the growth of competing fungal species and allows A. pullulans to establish and proliferate on the substrate surface, further enhancing its effectiveness as a biocontrol agent in architectural coatings. Our previous study [45] examined fungal colonisation on Scots pine sapwood exposed to various climatic conditions. Interestingly, fungal strains such as Cladosporium allicinum, Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, Cladosporium crousii, Lithohypha guttulate, Phoma herbarum, Pseudotaeniolina globose, Stachybotrys sp., and Sydowia polyspora were detected in Isola, Slovenia, but were not found in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the bottom part of vertically exposed samples, such as wood panels, may experience extensive accumulation of moisture due to the "moisture trap" effect and capillary uptake of water. Moisture can accumulate within the porous structure of the wood material, creating favourable conditions for fungal growth [45]. Moreover, the higher wind speed at the upper part of the facade can potentially contribute to the dispersion of fungal spores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Living Coating System for Wood Protection: Exploring Fungal Species on Wood Surfaces Coated with Biofinish during Its Service Life

Poohphajai,

Gubenšek,

Černoša

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Biofinish is an innovative wood protection system inspired by biological processes. It enhances the hydrophobicity of wood through oil treatment, resulting in improved dimensional stability. Living cells of the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans effectively protect wood from deterioration caused by other decaying fungi. The melanin pigment produced by the fungus provides an appealing dark surface and additionally protects the wood substrate against UV radiation. The significant advantage of Biofinish is its remarkable self-healing ability, which distinguishes it from conventional wood protection methods. This research aimed to explore fungal species colonising surfaces exposed to natural weathering and assess the survival of A. pullulans on wood surfaces coated with Biofinish during its in-service period. This study was performed on a facade composed of European larch wood (Larix decidua) treated with linseed oil and coated with Biofinish at the InnoRenew CoE building in Izola, Slovenia, following a 9-month exposure period. The majority of the detected species belonged to the genera Aureobasidium. The results indicated the survival and effective antagonistic action of A. pullulans, the living and active ingredient of the coating, against other wood-decaying fungi.

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“…Zalaria obscura [137] and Pseudotaeniolina globosa [90,107] were also recorded. The latter was also isolated from experiments on early wood colonization [285], raising further interest in BF.…”

Section: Fungal Succession In Wood Decay and Wood-staining Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Once upon a Time, There Was a Piece of Wood: Present Knowledge and Future Perspectives in Fungal Deterioration of Wooden Cultural Heritage in Terrestrial Ecosystems and Diagnostic Tools

Isola,

Lee,

Chung

et al. 2024

JoF

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Wooden Cultural Heritage (WCH) represents a significant portion of the world’s historical and artistic heritage, consisting of immovable and movable artefacts. Despite the expertise developed since ancient times to enhance its durability, wooden artefacts are inevitably prone to degradation. Fungi play a pivotal role in the deterioration of WCH in terrestrial ecosystems, accelerating its decay and leading to alterations in color and strength. Reviewing the literature of the last 25 years, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of fungal diversity affecting WCH, the biochemical processes involved in wood decay, and the diagnostic tools available for fungal identification and damage evaluation. Climatic conditions influence the occurrence of fungal species in threatened WCH, characterized by a prevalence of wood-rot fungi (e.g., Serpula lacrymans, Coniophora puteana) in architectural heritage in temperate and continental climates and Ascomycota in indoor and harsh environments. More efforts are needed to address the knowledge fragmentation concerning biodiversity, the biology of the fungi involved, and succession in the degradative process, which is frequently centered solely on the main actors. Multidisciplinary collaboration among engineers, restorers, and life sciences scientists is vital for tackling the challenges posed by climate change with increased awareness. Traditional microbiology and culture collections are fundamental in laying solid foundations for a more comprehensive interpretation of big data.

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Fungal colonisation on wood surfaces weathered at diverse climatic conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 90 publications

Assessing the Bioreceptivity of Biobased Cladding Materials

Assessing the Bioreceptivity of Biobased Cladding Materials

Bioinspired Living Coating System for Wood Protection: Exploring Fungal Species on Wood Surfaces Coated with Biofinish during Its Service Life

Once upon a Time, There Was a Piece of Wood: Present Knowledge and Future Perspectives in Fungal Deterioration of Wooden Cultural Heritage in Terrestrial Ecosystems and Diagnostic Tools

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