Fungal bioactive compounds

Díaz‐Godínez, Gerardo

doi:10.1002/9781118733103.ch8

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…16,17 Fungal polyketides with potent biological activity have long been applied in medical and industrial uses, 18 such as antifungal griseofulvin, immunosuppressant mycophenolate, and cholesterol-lowering lovastatin. 19 The biosynthesis of polyketides follows a highly linear approach involving the coupling of coenzyme A (CoA)-derived building blocks by diverse polyketide synthases (PKSs). 20 Fungal PKSs are multienzyme complexes classified as iterative type I PKSs, and their functional domains can be reused in a cyclic manner to perform chain extension and reductive processing.…”

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pks63787, a Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Benzenoids in the Medicinal Mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea

Yu,

Chang,

Liou

et al. 2016

J. Nat. Prod.

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Antrodia cinnamomea, a unique resupinate basidiomycete endemic to Taiwan, has potent medicinal activities. The reddish basidiocarps and mycelia generally exhibit abundant metabolites and higher biological activity. To investigate the pigments of A. cinnamomea, polyketide synthase (PKS) genes were characterized based on its partially deciphered genome and the construction of a fosmid library. Furthermore, a gene disruption platform was established via protoplast transformation and homologous recombination. Of four putative polyketide synthase genes, pks63787 was selected and disrupted in the monokaryotic wild-type (wt) strain f101. Transformant Δpks63787 was deficient in the synthesis of several aromatic metabolites, including five benzenoids and two benzoquinone derivatives. Based on these results, a biosynthetic pathway for benzenoid derivatives was proposed. The pks63787 deletion mutant not only displayed a reduced red phenotype compared to the wt strain but also displayed less 1,1-biphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity. This finding suggests that PKS63787 is responsible for the biosynthesis of pigments and metabolites related to the antioxidant activity of A. cinnamomea. The present study focuses on the functional characterization of the PKS gene, the fluctuations of its profile of secondary metabolites, and interpretation of the biosynthesis of benzenoids.

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confidence: 99%

pks63787, a Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Benzenoids in the Medicinal Mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea

Yu,

Chang,

Liou

et al. 2016

J. Nat. Prod.

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Mushroom Species Stereum hirsutum as Natural Source of Phenolics and Fatty Acids as Antioxidants and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Mišković

Rašeta

Čapelja

et al. 2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Many lignicolous mushroom species are used as a food supplement and may represent an alternative treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to evaluate acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChEI) of Stereum hirsutum together with antioxidant activity (AO) and cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells. Different extracts (water, ethanol, methanol, polysaccharide) were analyzed, with respect to their mineral composition and chemical content. Ethanol extract was the most potent in AChEI (98.44 %) and demonstrated cytotoxic activity (91.96 % at 900.00 μg/mL), while the highest AO was demonstrated for polar extracts (methanol and water) as well. These activities may be attributed to determined phenolics (hydroxybenzoic and quinic acid) and fatty acids (FA), while biflavonoid amentoflavone may be responsible for cytotoxic activity. The most prevalent FA was linoleic (40.00 %) and the domination of unsaturated FA (UFA) (71.91 %) over saturated (26.96 %) was observed. This is the first report of AChEI of S. hirsutum extracts and first detection of amentoflavone. Due to high amount of UFA and well-expressed AChEI, this species can be considered as a potent food supplement in the palliative therapy of AD.

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