Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering

Shultis, J. Kenneth; Faw, R.E.

doi:10.1201/9781315183183

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…For neutrons produced through (α, n) interactions, which are the most important, we use the simulation package NeuCBOT [92] to get the neutron yield and spectrum. To calculate the neutron rate from spontaneous fission, we approximate the neutron spectrum using using the Watt distribution [29,75,76,85], and take the neutron yield per fission to be 2 [85]. We propagate neutrons through rock, water shielding, the active volume, and finally the fiducial volume of the detector using the simulation package FLUKA [86,87].…”

Section: B1 Neutron Backgrounds From Radioactivitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4 shows the solar-neutrino signal and background spectra in DUNE as a function of detected energy. Our calculations include three-flavor neutrino mixing effects [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], realistic detection effects (differential cross sections [60,[81][82][83], energy smearing, angular cuts [29], background reduction [66,[84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97]), and a 100 kton-year exposure.…”

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confidence: 99%

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DUNE as the Next-Generation Solar Neutrino Experiment

et al. 2019

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We show that the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) has the potential to deliver world-leading results in solar neutrinos. Significant but realistic new efforts would be required. With an exposure of 100 kton-year, DUNE could detect 10 5 signal events above 5 MeV. Separate precision measurements of neutrino-mixing parameters and the 8 B flux could be made using two detection channels (νe + 40 Ar and νe,µ,τ + e − ) and the day-night effect (> 10σ). New particle physics may be revealed through the comparison of solar neutrinos (with matter effects) and reactor neutrinos (without), which is discrepant by ∼ 2σ (and could become 5.6σ). New astrophysics may be revealed through the most precise measurement of the 8 B flux (to 2.5%) and the first detection of the hep flux (to 11%). DUNE is required: No other experiment, even proposed, has been shown capable of fully realizing these discovery opportunities.12 θ 2 sin 0.2 0.3 0.4

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Section: B1 Neutron Backgrounds From Radioactivitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

DUNE as the Next-Generation Solar Neutrino Experiment

et al. 2019

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“…The number ratio is n T /n D = 1. 25 and n e = 7.5 × 10 13 cm −3 . The picture is altered here because the ideal beam energy (maximizing the beam-thermal reactivity 20 ) is somewhat larger than the fusion resonance, such that most of the beam fusion events come after about one collision time.…”

Section: Appendix A: Maintaining a Monoenergetic Beammentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In pressure-limited systems, the triple product nT τ is a superior metric because it is proportional T 2 / σv , in turn inversely proportional to the achievable fusion power W f p 2 σv /T 2 . 25 Thus the threshold igniting state has minimum nT τ and maximum power.…”

Section: A Lawson Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ignition threshold for non-Maxwellian plasmas

Hay

Fisch

2015

Physics of Plasmas

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An optically thin $p$-$^{11}$B plasma loses more energy to bremsstrahlung than it gains from fusion reactions, unless the ion temperature can be elevated above the electron temperature. In thermal plasmas, the temperature differences required are possible in small Coulomb logarithm regimes, characterized by high density and low temperature. The minimum Lawson criterion for thermal $p$-$^{11}$B plasmas and the minimum $\rho R$ required for ICF volume ignition are calculated. Ignition could be reached more easily if the fusion reactivity can be improved with nonthermal ion distributions. To establish an upper bound for this utility, we consider a monoenergetic beam with particle energy selected to maximize the beam- thermal reactivity. Channeling fusion alpha energy to maintain such a beam facilitates ignition at lower densities and $\rho R$, improves reactivity at constant pressure, and could be used to remove helium ash. The gains realized with a beam thus establish an upper bound for the reductions in ignition threshold that can be realized with any nonthermal distribution; these are evaluated for $p$-$^{11}$B and DT plasmas.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

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“…where A is the 238 U trace activity, ψ = 5.45 × 10 −7 [26] is the fission probability per decay and n = 2.07 [26] is the average number of neutrons emitted per fission.…”

Section: Radiogenic Neutron Yield Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic neutron background of nuclear emulsions for directional Dark Matter searches

Alexandrov

Asada

Buonaura

et al. 2016

Astroparticle Physics

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Recent developments of the nuclear emulsion technology led to the production of films with nanometric silver halide grains suitable to track low energy nuclear recoils with submicrometric length. This im- provement opens the way to a directional Dark Matter detection, thus providing an innovative and com- plementary approach to the on-going WIMP searches. An important background source for these searches is represented by neutron-induced nuclear recoils that can mimic the WIMP signal. In this paper we pro- vide an estimation of the contribution to this background from the intrinsic radioactive contamination of nuclear emulsions. We also report the neutron-induced background as a function of the read-out thresh- old, by using a GEANT4 simulation of the nuclear emulsion, showing that it amounts to about 0.06 per year per kilogram, fully compatible with the design of a 10 kg × year exposure

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Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

DUNE as the Next-Generation Solar Neutrino Experiment

DUNE as the Next-Generation Solar Neutrino Experiment

Ignition threshold for non-Maxwellian plasmas

Intrinsic neutron background of nuclear emulsions for directional Dark Matter searches

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