Fundamentals of Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells: From Structure‐Property Relationship to Neoteric Breakthroughs

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have shown a rapid increase in efficiency than other photovoltaic technology. Despite its success in terms of efficiency, this technology is inundated with numerous challenges hindering the progress towards commercial viability. The crucial one is the anomalous hysteresis observed in the photocurrent density‐voltage (J−V) response in PSC. The hysteresis phenomenon in the solar cell presents a challenge for determining the accurate power conversion efficiency of the device. A detailed investigation of the fundamental origin of hysteresis behavior in the device and its associated mechanisms is highly crucial. Though numerous theories have been proposed to explain the causes of hysteresis, its origin includes slow transient capacitive current, trapping, and de‐trapping process, ion migrations, and ferroelectric polarization. The remaining issues and future research required toward the understanding of hysteresis in PSC device is also discussed.

Constructing molecular bridge for high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells based on P3HT

“…78.8% and 20.1% (Supplementary Table 2). This can be explained with the constructed molecular bridge for efficient carrier transportation as well as the defect passivation [33][34][35] . The external quantum efficiency spectra along with the integrated J SC , ca.…”

High efficiency (>20%) and stable inverted perovskite solar cells: current progress and future challenges

“…The degradation of the perovskite is caused by external factors such as moisture, oxygen, temperature, and UV radiation, and internal factors such as crystal structure, ion migration, and interfacial contacts. 10,45 Furthermore, the fabrication process, constituent materials, and device architecture also affect the stability of PSCs. 46 Besides these factors, it has been observed that the inverted (p-i-n) PSCs are more stable than the regular (n-i-p) PSCs.…”

Evaluating the Capacitive Response in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

“…During the measurement of the current J-V response of PSCs, a hysteresis between the forward and reverse scan has been reported. [73,74] Typically, two types of J-V hysteresis behaviors are reported in literature namely: (i) normal-hysteresis (NH) and (ii) inverted-hysteresis (IH). In a NH, PSC exhibits higher performance in forward to reverse (F-R) direction compared with reverse to forward (R-F) scan (Figure 8a), whereas, in an IH, the performance during R-F scan is higher than F-R scan (Figure 8b).…”

“…During the measurement of the current J‐V response of PSCs, a hysteresis between the forward and reverse scan has been reported [73,74] . Typically, two types of J‐V hysteresis behaviors are reported in literature namely: (i) normal‐hysteresis (NH) and (ii) inverted‐hysteresis (IH).…”