Fundamentals of High Temperature Corrosion

Abstract

The sections in this article are Introduction High Temperature Corrosion in Technical Applications High Temperature Corrosion Resistance Fundamentals of Oxidation Stability of the Corrosion Product Formation and Growth of Oxide Scales Initial Stages Defect Chemistry Scale Growth by Solid State Diffusion Scale Growth Controlled by Mechanisms Other than Solid State Diffusion Specific Aspects of Oxide Scale Growth on Alloys Internal Oxidation/Corrosion The Influence of Mechanical Stress on Oxidation Stresses in Oxide Scales Mechanical Scale Failure Healing of Oxide Scale Cracks The Role of Internal Corrosion Chemical Scale Failure Sulfate Induced Hot Corrosion Vanadate Induced Hot Corrosion Corrosion Without the Formation of a Solid Scale Molten Phases as Corrosion Products Volatile Corrosion Products Gas Corrosion by Species Other than Oxygen Carburization and Metal Dusting Internal Carburization Metal Dusting Sulfidation Chlorination Water Vapor Hydrogen Experimental Techniques

Mechanical and electrochemical deterioration mechanisms in the tribocorrosion of Al alloys in NaCl and in NaNO3 solutions

“…Of course, equation 13 applies in the case of a uniform current density within the track which could be a good approximation of the current distribution here as: 1) slight embedment of the electrode i.e. a recessed electrode geometry, will provide a finite current at the edges, while presenting minimal resistance, thus limiting the "edge effect" 2) for the secondary distribution in the "high field" Tafel regime, the combination of surface resistance associated with the limited reversibility of the electrode kinetics typically leads to more uniform current distribution [35][36][37][38]. It is noteworthy that the E a simulation values, calculated on the basis of the various resistance formulations, more or less rest in a narrow band, the only important difference resulting from the incorporation of the screening effect of the alumina sphere-ca.…”

Corrosion of N10276 in a H2S, HCl, and CO2 Containing Atmosphere at 480 °C and 680 °C

“…Therefore, they represent a good diffusion barrier, and the corrosive components cannot easily penetrate the corrosion layer. Finally, yet importantly, the high molybdenum content and the formation of MoS 2 could also improve the protective effect of the corroded zone as found in other research studies [8][9][10][11].…”

“…The only exceptions are slow growing sulfides of Mo, Nb, Mn, and Ta, which have a much lower non-stoichiometry. Research data showed that refractory-metal sulfides, such as MoS 2 , show only small stoichiometric deviations and that sulfidation rates are in the order of Cr 2 O 3 [8][9][10][11].…”