Fundamentals of Biomechanics and Qualitative Analysis

Knudson, Duane

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-49312-1_2

Cited by 60 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The development of an acute injury may be comparable to the passive processes of material fatigue 23) . As the basic stress and strain analysis theory and methods well-established in structural mechanics have been adopted in the general methodology of biomechanics 24,25) , it is reasonable to hypothesize that these theories and methods are also applicable to the study of acute injuries and other acute vibration effects. In addition to acute injuries, the vibration exposure may also generate some psychophysical responses and other physiological and pathological effects 26,27) .…”

Section: A General Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While further studies may help identify the most suitable biodynamic stimulus for evaluating a particular major vibration disorder, the general knowledge of structural mechanics and biomechanics suggests that the vibration stresses and strains are likely to be among the essential biodynamic stimuli directly associated with many vibration effects 23,24) . This hypothesis has also been positively tested in some studies of the vibration effects [31][32][33] .…”

Section: Vibration Biodynamic Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Proposed Theory on Biodynamic Frequency Weighting for Hand-Transmitted Vibration Exposure

et al. 2012

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The objective of this study is to propose a theory on the biodynamic frequency weighting for studying hand-transmitted vibration exposures and vibration-induced effects. We hypothesize that the development of a vibration effect is the result of two consecutive but synergistic processes: biodynamic responses to input vibration and biological responses to the biomechanical stimuli resulting from the biodynamic responses. Hence, we further hypothesize that the frequency-dependency (W) of the effect generally includes two components: a biodynamic frequency weighting (W1) and a biological frequency weighting (W2), or W=W1•W2. These hypotheses are consistent with the stress and strain analysis theory and methods widely used in structural dynamics and biomechanics. The factorization may make it easier to study the complex frequency-dependency using different approaches: the biodynamic frequency weighting depends on the passive physical response of the system to vibration, and it can thus be determined by examining the biodynamic response of the system using various engineering methods; on the other hand, the biological frequency weighting depends on the biological mechanisms of the effects, and it can be investigated by studying the psychophysical, physiological, and pathological responses. To help test these hypotheses, this study reviewed and further developed methods to derive the finger biodynamic frequency weighting. As a result, preliminary finger biodynamic frequency weightings are proposed. The implications of the proposed theory and the preliminary biodynamic frequency weightings are also discussed.

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Section: A General Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vibration Biodynamic Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed Theory on Biodynamic Frequency Weighting for Hand-Transmitted Vibration Exposure

et al. 2012

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“…[46] Yürüme sırasında VKM dikey yer değişimi, sık-lıkla yürüme verimliliğinin göstergesi olarak kullanılmıştır. [47,48] Ayrıca, yürüme sırasında kolları sallamanın, VKM dikey yer değişimini azalttığı da varsayılmaktadır. [1,18,49] Yapılan çalışmalarda VKM dikey yer değişimindeki artışın enerji tüketimini artırdığı yönünde bulgulara rastlanmaktadır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Effect of upper extremity swing restrain on walking energy consumption and balance

Erdoğan¹

2016

Turk J Phys Med Rehab

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Cite this article as:Erdoğan AT, Dal U, Maraşlıgil B, Beydağı H. Effect of upper extremity swing restrain on walking energy consumption and balance. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2016;62(4):329-36. ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada, kol salınımı kısıtlanmasının tercih edilen yürüme hızı, yürüme sırasında harcanan oksijen miktarı ve vücut kütle merkezi dikey yer değişimi üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Gereç ve yöntemler:Çalışmaya Şubat 2011 -Nisan 2011 tarihleri arasında yaşları 18-30 yıl arasında değişen 52 sağlıklı erkek gönüllü katıldı ve beş farklı yürüme modeli kullanıldı. Her yürüme modeli için bireylerin zeminde tercih edilen yürüme hızları belirlendi. Bireyler bu hız ile koşu bandında yedi dakika yürütülerek oksijen tüketimleri kaydedildi. Birinci sakral vertebraya işaretleyici yerleştirildi ve iki kızıl ötesi kamera ile yürüme sırasında vücut kütle merkezi dikey yer değişimini belirlemek için kayıt yapıldı. Sonuç: Kol salınımının dengeyi sağlamada yardımcı olduğu, ancak, her iki kol salınımının kısıtlandığı durumlarda biyomekanik sistemlerin bu değişikliği kompanse edemediği için vücut kütle merkezi dikey yer değişimini ve yürümenin oksijen maliyetini artırdığı kanısındayız. Denge sorunu yaşayan bireylerde günlük kazaların önlemesi konusunda bulgularımızın yardımcı olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.Anahtar sözcükler: Denge; yürüme; oksijen tüketimi; hız; üst ekstremite. ABSTRACTObjectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of arm swing restrain on preferred walking speed, amount of oxygen spent during walking and vertical displacement of the center of mass. Materials and methods:Between February 2011 and April 2011, a total of 52 healthy male volunteers, in the age range of 18 to 30, participated in the study and five different walking models were used. Individuals' preferred walking speeds on the ground were determined for each model. Their oxygen expenditures were recorded while individuals walked on the treadmill at this speed for seven minutes. We placed a marker on the first sacral vertebrae and used two infrared cameras to determine the changes in vertical displacement of the center of mass during walking. Results:We found a significant difference (F(3.734, 204) = 5.606, p<0.05) between normal (0.158±0.021 mL/kg/m) and at side restraint (0.166±022 mL/kg/m) and at front restraint (0.166±023 mL/kg/m) models in oxygen cost. We also found a significant difference (F(3.461, 204) = 5.144, p<0.05) between normal (3.81±0.94 cm) and at side restraint (4.36±1.05 cm) and at front restraint (4.25±0.93 cm) models in terms of vertical displacement of the center of mass. Preferred walking speed in the normal model (5.06±0.62 km/hr) was significantly higher (F(3.387, 204) = 10.433, p<0.05) than other models (at right restraint; 4.93±0.65 km/hr, at left restraint; 4.92±0.62 km/hr, at side restraint; 4.88±0.61 km/hr, and at front restraint; 4.88±0.56 km/hr). Conclusion:We are of the opinion that arm swing helps providing balance but in the situation of both arm restrain, since biomechanical systems cannot compensate this modification,...

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“…The results also showed that of performance time of pull phase II is less than a performance time pull phase I in each of snatch and clean& jerk for female lifters (11,12). Where short duration pull phase II indicates that I have the power female lifters much bigger than it was in the pull phase I, That is where the power = work/ time P=W/T (15,21,23,24,25). Results indicate the greater the relative strength of female lifter, the lower performance time phases of the lifting (16,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Curved characteristics best suited for Growth rates, Relative strength and Performance Time of female Olympic weightlifters

EBADA¹

2014

TJSE

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This study aims to identify Growth rates, Relative strength, and performance time for female lifters and defining Curved characteristics best suited for growth rates, relative strength, and performance Time of female Olympic weightlifters and evaluate the performance of snatch and Clean & Jerk for female lifters, coaches use the curved characteristics as standard guide them through planning and preparing training programs. The study Applied on a sample of 88 female lifter participants in weightlifting competitions at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Where the average age of 25.61± 3.68 years, length 160.18 ± 6.27 cm, weight 67.04 ± 14.33 kg and BMI 25.78 ± 3.99 kg./m 2 . Were analyzed video film, which was filmed for female lifters knowledge of the technical Committee of the International weightlifting Federation during the Olympic Games in London 2012. The movie was filmed with a video camera at 25 frames/second that is an attempt to analyze the best female lifters to determine for the performance time phases Snatch and Clean & Jerk and using the program Kinovea Version 0.8.15 of kinetic analysis. It was found the rate of BMI and the relative strength of female lifters. The results showed final curved characteristics best suited for growth rates, relative strength, results lifts and performance time phases of female Olympic weightlifters, and determine the standard to assess the performance of Snatch and Clean & Jerk in weightlifting. These results must be taken into account by the coaches and female lifters to use the standard guide them through planning, preparing weightlifting training programs and to evaluate the performance of snatch and Clean & Jerk lifts for female lifters. Modified the weight categories for female weightlifters beginning of 63 kg weight for the following class of 2-3kg until the distinction between the different weight categories results in female lifters, which can achieve for new Olympic Records in female weightlifting competitions.

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Fundamentals of Biomechanics and Qualitative Analysis

Cited by 60 publications

References 5 publications

A Proposed Theory on Biodynamic Frequency Weighting for Hand-Transmitted Vibration Exposure

A Proposed Theory on Biodynamic Frequency Weighting for Hand-Transmitted Vibration Exposure

Effect of upper extremity swing restrain on walking energy consumption and balance

Curved characteristics best suited for Growth rates, Relative strength and Performance Time of female Olympic weightlifters

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