Fundamental studies of sonoelectrochemical nanomaterials preparation

Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation Methods of Nanoparticles for Energy-Related Applications

“…An overview on fundamental studies of sonochemical and sonoelectrochemical nanomaterial preparation is given in recent publications of our group on fuel cells [108,109] and others on nanomaterials [110].…”

Improvement of fuel cell anodes using sono-electrochemical methods

“…Particles sizes of 10-50nm were synthesized with an obvious tendency to form agglomerates [123]. Sakkas et al conducted a series of experiments for gold nanoparticles synthesis at various potentiostatic pulses and continuous sonication by using PVP as surfactant [113]. The average size distributions ranged from 10-35nm according to the electrochemical pulse.…”

“…Furthermore, Sakkas et al prepared copper nanoparticles using galvanostatic conditions in presence of PVP. Their study yielded that for brief electrodeposition pulses the mean particle size distribution is 8nm, smaller than for longer pulses where they obtained 50nm copper nanoparticles [113]. Finally, Schneider et al conducted, among others, a series of synthesis experiments at room temperature using a copper sulfate based electrolyte and following the face-on route.…”

“…Gedanken has reported a study of decoration on several substrates via ultrasonication [37]. Especially in case of gold nanoparticles decoration on state-of-the-art GDC powders, Sakkas et al have used direct high power ultrasonication with successful results [113,114].…”

“…A wide variety of methods for gold NPs synthesis of controlled size exists, usually by use of dispersant. A few examples could be the chemical [16,47,148,157], electrochemical [55,100] or sonoelectrochemical route [3,18,65,71,74,113,123] as well as via microwave (MW) irradiation [145], UV irradiation [17], use of ionic liquids (ILs) [107,144] and gamma radiolysis [80] to name a few. A general method for metal NPs preparation of adjustable size with no need of altering experimental conditions such as medium concentration, temperature or dispersant is the sonoelectrochemical (SEC) technique [25,108].…”