Fund gap to high air quality in China: A cost evaluation for PM2.5 abatement based on the Air Pollution Prevention and control Action Plan

Liu, Zeyuan; Xue, Wenhao; Ni, Xiufeng; Qi, Zhulin; Wang, Jinnan

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128715

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Except for the adoption of stricter cleaning techniques in industrial production, coarse PM mitigation more likely depends on municipal management, such as road cleaning and urban soil solidification, which can be additional control measures. The VOC reduction induced by carbon neutrality was typically inadequate in Guangdong (2), which requires an additional reduction of 0.017 Mt. The Pearl River Delta (PRD), where many industries of coating materials, organic chemistry, and architecture decoration are aggregated, is located in Guangdong Province, 34 resulting in its large amount of VOC emissions and a VOC reduction gap in climate action measures.…”

Section: Emission Evaluation Via Random Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…China is seeking pathways to achieve its simultaneous goals of mitigating climate change and improving air quality. These simultaneous goals are ultimately to be achieved in 2060, forming an advanced sustainable development mode in which carbon neutrality is accomplished to satisfy its pledge during the United Nations General Assembly, and the annual PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) concentration is expected to be lower than the WHO IT-4 (World Health Organization interim target 4, i.e., 10 μg/m 3 ) level. − Climate action associated with greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollution mitigation associated with PM 2.5 are not separate as both pollutants are largely attributed to the combustion of fossil fuels in industrial, transport, and electricity generation sectors. − Therefore, a well-designed mitigation policy can produce notable cobenefits, which can offset much of their economic cost, , in turn, raising the important question of how to identify interaction patterns between climate action and air cleaning measures to realize cost-effective policy-making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadly, decarbonization policy can promote air-quality improvement, and in-depth air cleaning can also mitigate carbon emissions since both of them involve restructuring measures, 4,15,17 and thus, a holistic evaluation of the interaction patterns between these approaches should compare the extent to which they can mitigate emissions to enhance each other. (2) There are some shortcomings in the current uncertainty simulations. Uncertainty estimations such as the scenario and sensitivity analysis are usually discrete, which effectively evaluate a general interval through comparisons of several highly representative scenarios or replacements between several groups of input parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interaction Patterns between Climate Action and Air Cleaning in China: A Two-Way Evaluation Based on an Ensemble Learning Approach

Liu

Dong

Xue

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

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China will attempt to achieve its simultaneous goals in 2060, whereby carbon neutrality will be accomplished and the PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) level is expected to remain below 10 μg/m3. Identifying interaction patterns between air cleaning and climate action represents an important step to obtain cobenefits. Here, we used a random sampling strategy through the combination of chemical transport modeling and machine learning approach to capture the interaction effects from two perspectives in which the driving forces of both climate action and air cleaning measures were compared. We revealed that climate action where carbon emissions were decreased to 1.9 Bt (billion tons) could lead to a PM2.5 level of 12.4 μg/m3 (95% CI (confidence interval): 10.2–14.6 μg/m3) in 2060, while air cleaning could force carbon emissions to reach 1.93 Bt (95% CI: 0.79–3.19 Bt) to achieve net carbon neutrality based on the potential carbon sinks in 2060. Additional controls targeting primary PM2.5, ammonia, and volatile organic compounds were required as supplements to overcome the partial lack of climate action. Our study provides novel insights into the cobenefits of air-quality improvement and climate change mitigation, indicating that the effect of air cleaning on the simultaneous goals might have been underestimated before.

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Section: Emission Evaluation Via Random Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interaction Patterns between Climate Action and Air Cleaning in China: A Two-Way Evaluation Based on an Ensemble Learning Approach

Liu

Dong

Xue

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In 2021, there are still 35.7% of China’s 338 prefecture-level cities suffering from severe air pollution. 1 Like the actions taken by many developing countries, China mainly reduces air pollution through mandatory environmental regulation (MER) (Liu et al 2021 ). In 2013, Chinese central government initiated an MER called Air Pollution Control Action Plan (APCAP), which seeks to reduce air pollution in China’s three major city agglomerations: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mandatory environmental regulation on green development efficiency: evidence from China

Zhan

Guo

Pan

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The existing literature finds that mandatory environmental regulation (MER) can significantly reduce environmental pollution. However, much less is known about how the implementation of MER affects green development efficiency (GDE). Based on the Air Pollution Control Action Plan which was enforced in 2013 in China’s most developed regions as an exogenous shock, we find that first, MER has a significant negative effect on the improvement of GDE by reducing regional scale efficiency. Second, MER mainly reduces the GDE of cities with stronger regulation intensities and with larger economic volumes. Third, MER also has a negative impact on regional green total factor productivity by changing technical progress. We suggest that when implementing MER, governments should enhance regional and global cooperation, promote green technology, and use comprehensive policy tools to stimulate firms’ green innovation.

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“…At the same time, nationwide air quality monitoring networks have gradually been established since 2013. Increasing numbers of studies have been conducted to analyze the temporalspatial variations in PM 2.5 based on ground-level monitoring measurements [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of PM2.5 Variations Based on Observed, Satellite-Derived, and Population-Weighted Concentrations

Fang

Xiong

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which can cause adverse human health effects, has been proven as the first air pollutant in China. In situ observations with ground-level monitoring and satellite-based concentrations have been used to analyze the variations in PM2.5. However, variation analyses based on these two kinds of measurement have mainly focused on the concentration itself and ignored the effects on the population. Therefore, this study not only investigated these two kinds of measurements, but also performed weighted population analyses to study the variations in PM2.5. Firstly, daily models of timely structure adaptive modeling (TSAM) were constructed to simulate satellite-derived PM2.5 levels from January 2013 to December 2016. Secondly, population-weighted concentrations were calculated based on TSAM-derived PM2.5 surfaces. Finally, observed, TSAM-derived, and population-weighted concentrations were used to analyze the variations in PM2.5. The results showed the different importance of various input parameters; AOD had the highest rank. Additionally, TSAM models demonstrated good performance, fitting R ranging from 0.86 to 0.91, and validating R from 0.82 to 0.89. According to the air quality standard in China, TSAM-derived PM2.5 showed that the increase in area lower than Level II was 29.03% and the increase in population was only 14.81%. This indicates that the air quality exhibited an overall improvement in spatial perspective, but some areas with high population density showed a relatively low improvement due to uneven distributions in China. The population-weighted PM2.5 concentration could better represent the health threats of air pollutants compared with in situ observations.

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Fund gap to high air quality in China: A cost evaluation for PM2.5 abatement based on the Air Pollution Prevention and control Action Plan

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Interaction Patterns between Climate Action and Air Cleaning in China: A Two-Way Evaluation Based on an Ensemble Learning Approach

Interaction Patterns between Climate Action and Air Cleaning in China: A Two-Way Evaluation Based on an Ensemble Learning Approach

The effect of mandatory environmental regulation on green development efficiency: evidence from China

Analysis of PM2.5 Variations Based on Observed, Satellite-Derived, and Population-Weighted Concentrations

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