Functions of coenzyme Q₁₀ in inflammation and gene expression

Abstract

Clinical studies demonstrated the efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjuvant therapeutic in cardiovascular diseases, mitochondrial myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases. More recently, expression profiling revealed that Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) influences the expression of several hundred genes. To unravel the functional connections of these genes, we performed a text mining approach using the Genomatix BiblioSphere. We identified signalling pathways of G-protein coupled receptors, JAK/STAT, and Integrin which contain a number of CoQ10 sensitive genes. Further analysis suggested that IL5, thrombin, vitronectin, vitronectin receptor, and C-reactive protein are regulated by CoQ10 via the transcription factor NFkappaB1. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of CoQ10 on the NFkappaB1-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha. As a model, we utilized the murine macrophage cell lines RAW264.7 transfected with human apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3, control) or pro-inflammatory apoE4. In the presence of 2.5 microM or 75 microM CoQ10 the LPS-induced TNF-alpha response was significantly reduced to 73.3 +/- 2.8% and 74.7 +/- 8.9% in apoE3 or apoE4 cells, respectively. Therefore, the in silico analysis as well as the cell culture experiments suggested that CoQ10 exerts anti-inflammatory properties via NFkappaB1-dependent gene expression.

Effectiveness of CoQ10 Oral Supplements as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Improving Periodontal Health

“…Studies have suggested that CoQ10 also exerts anti-inflammatory properties via NFκB1-dependent gene expression [21]. Because this is a common pathway for periodontal inflammation, even this could be the possible mechanism for reduction in gingival inflammation due to CoQ10 supplementation.…”

Coenzyme Q10 supplementation lowers hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity in mice

“…Doring et al [23] and Schmelzer et al [24] Page 19 of 42 [53]. In another study, anti-inflammatory properties of CoQ10 on serum CRP levels of baboons have also been observed, but only when combined with vitamin E. This modification of serum CRP level was associated with an increase blood total antioxidant status [54].…”

“…CoQ10 is also involved in oxidative phosphorylation as an electron transporter and is therefore involved in energy homeostasis [17][18][19][20]. Data obtained in vitro even suggest its antiinflammatory potency [21][22][23][24][25]. However, the effect of CoQ10 given orally remains only poorly explored in the context of obesity and diabetes.…”

Nanomicellar formulation of coenzyme Q10 (Ubisol-Q10) effectively blocks ongoing neurodegeneration in the mouse 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine model: potential use as an adjuvant treatment in Parkinson's disease

“…A human clinical study investigating the relation between CoQ 10 and inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease reports that oral supplementation of CoQ 10 at 150 mg/day results in decreased expression of inflammatory markers, that is, C-reactive protein, IL-6, and homocysteine (Lee et al, 2012b). Furthermore, data collected from human and rodent cellular models show that CoQ 10 affects gene expression and inhibits the release of IL-6 and TNF-α, consistent with its anti-inflammatory effects (Schmelzer et al, 2007(Schmelzer et al, , 2008. Far less convincing benefits are reported for neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD (Shults and Haas, 2005;Shults et al, 2002;Villalba et al, 2010).…”