Functionalized mesoporous carbon nanoparticles for targeted chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer cells under near-infrared irradiation

Abstract

Chemo-photothermal therapy with the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy using mesoporous carbon nanoparticles has emerged as a promising anticancer treatment for its synergistic effects.

“Combo” nanomedicine: Co-delivery of multi-modal therapeutics for efficient, targeted, and safe cancer therapy

“…6. Nanocarriers combine chemotherapy with physically destructive modalities that induce tumor ablation (photothermal/magnetic) [218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236]245,246], generate reactive oxygen species (photodynamic) [232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242], and form of free radicals (radiotherapy) to maximize cancer eradication [243]. [246] and demonstrated higher anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo than PTX/PLGA/HAuNPs microspheres alone (no NIR-irradiation) or PLGA/HAuNPs microspheres (no PTX) with NIR irradiation.…”

“…Carbon nanomaterials coated with biocompatible materials have been found to be cleared from body after systemic administration without noticeable toxicity in animals [227]. Mesoporous carbon NPs functionalized with polyethylenimine (PEI) and folic acid (FA) (FA/PEI/ MCNPs) [228] showed strong NIR absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency due to the graphitic structure of MCNPs. Compared with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, DOXloaded FA/PEI/MCNPs demonstrated synergistic therapeutic efficacy in FAR-overexpressing HeLa cells.…”

Mesoporous carbon biomaterials

“…Similar to carbon nanotubes and graphene [68][69][70][71][72], MCNs show strong optical absorption in the NIR region (e.g., 808 nm), indicating potential utility as the photothermal agent for photothermal ablation of cancer cells because NIR light penetrates deeply into tissues and is harmless to normal tissues [52,53]. Xu et al [53] recently demonstrated that FA-targeted MCNs showed superior photothermal-conversion efficiency compared to graphene oxide and showed that NIR irradiation accelerated the release of pre-loaded anticancer drugs from MCNs.…”

“…Xu et al [53] recently demonstrated that FA-targeted MCNs showed superior photothermal-conversion efficiency compared to graphene oxide and showed that NIR irradiation accelerated the release of pre-loaded anticancer drugs from MCNs. In addition, HA-targeted MCNs (MCNs-HA) were designed for targeted photothermal ablation of tumor and synergistic on-demand drug release [52].…”

Near-infrared absorbing mesoporous carbon nanoparticle as an intelligent drug carrier for dual-triggered synergistic cancer therapy

“…They are used extensively as electrode materials for batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors, as sorbents for separation processes and gas storage, and as supports for many important catalytic processes [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. In particular, MCNs are highly promising for the biomedical applications because of their merits such as high specific surface area, large pore volume, tunable pore morphologies and well-defined surface properties [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][60][61][62][63]. Recent study reveals that MCN could also be used as NIR-resonant nanomaterials combining with the drug-loading for chemo-photothermal therapy [61].…”