Functionalization of Petroleum Coke-Derived Carbon for Synergistically Enhanced Capacitive Performance

Abstract

Petroleum coke is a valuable and potential source for clean energy storage if it could be modified legitimately and facilely. In the present study, porous carbon with high surface area and abundant oxygen-containing groups was prepared from petroleum coke by chemical activation and modification processes. The as-prepared carbon exhibits a high surface area (1129 m2 · g−1) and stable micrographic structure. It presents a high specific capacitance and excellent rate performance in KOH electrolyte. Even at an ultrahigh current density of 50 A · g−1, the specific capacitance of the prepared carbon can still reach up to an unprecedented value of 261 F · g−1 with a superhigh retention rate of 81 %. In addition, the energy density of this material in aqueous electrolyte can be as high as 13.9 Wh · kg−1. The high energy density and excellent rate performance ensure its prosperous application in high-power energy storage system.

Porous hollow biomass‐based carbon nanofiber/nanosheet for high‐performance supercapacitor

“…The specific capacitance of precursors, 0.3 KOH, 0.5 KOH, 0.7 KOH, 0.9 KOH, 0.3 ZnCl 2 , 0.5 ZnCl 2 , and 0.7 ZnCl 2 , was investigated using CV at a scanning rate of 1 mV s −1 (Figure 7). Simultaneously, the capacitive properties were measured in an aqueous electrolyte for KOH/ZnCl 2 treatment of PJs electrode observed the quasi‐rectangular shaped CV curve by showing the normal typical double‐layer capacitance of carbon materials 50,51 . These treatments facilitated the increase in specific capacitance, resulting from the activation process ability to significantly elevate the SSA, hierarchical porous nanofiber with abundant micro‐ and mesopores.…”

“…Simultaneously, the capacitive properties were measured in an aqueous electrolyte for KOH/ZnCl 2 treatment of PJs electrode observed the quasi-rectangular shaped CV curve by showing the normal typical double-layer capacitance of carbon materials. 50,51 These treatments facilitated the increase in specific capacitance, resulting from the activation process ability to significantly elevate the SSA, hierarchical porous nanofiber with abundant micro-and mesopores. Conversely, the precursor samples showed a relatively small quasi-rectangular shape, which indicates a lesser specific capacitance of 38 F g À1 .…”

Rapid synthesis of chitin‐based porous carbons with high yield, high nitrogen retention, and low cost for high‐rate supercapacitors

“…The C1s spectra ( Figure 4E) can be deconvoluted into five individual components that are assigned to C─C/C─H (284.4 eV), C─O (285.6 eV), C═O (286.6 eV), O─C═O (288.6 eV), and π→π * (290.6 eV). 45 In addition, π→π * bond suggests the presence of the conjugated systems, which is favorable to improve the conductivity of PCs. 45 In addition, π→π * bond suggests the presence of the conjugated systems, which is favorable to improve the conductivity of PCs.…”

“…42,43 It was generally accepted that O─C═O can improve the surface wettability of PCs 44 and C═O can be used as active sites to provide additional pseudocapacitance through Faradic reactions. 45 In addition, π→π * bond suggests the presence of the conjugated systems, which is favorable to improve the conductivity of PCs. 46 The deconvoluted N1s spectra ( Figure 4F) showed four individual peaks, attributing to pyridinic-N (398.8 eV), pyrrolic-N (400.2 eV), quaternary-N (401.3 eV), and pyridine-N-oxide (402.6 eV).…”

Influence of Surface Chemistry on the Electrochemical Performance of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrodes for its Use as Supercapacitors

“…Others works have found that functional groups containing heteroatoms such as O and N are very favourable to improve the capacitance, and these groups can be introduced using different doping methods, as chemical oxidations, plasma treatment, or electrochemical treatments. [18,19,20]. The main aim of oxidation of a carbon surface is obtaining a more hydrophilic surface structure with groups such as carboxyl groups [21,22].…”