Functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets using sugar azide for graphene/epoxy nanocomposites

Bose, Saswata; T, Drzal Lawrence

doi:10.5714/cl.2015.16.2.101

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The diameter of the graphene layers ranges from 1-100 µm, while their thickness is measured in nm [12]. The hydrophobic nanoparticles can be functionalized by covalent (functional groups) and non-covalent (surfactants) modification techniques [13][14][15]. The non-covalent approach depends on polar-polar interactions to prevent solid GNPs from sedimenting into a homogenous slurry by covering the graphene surface area with surfactants/polymers that act as stabilizers [16].…”

Section: Research Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their results showed a 9.22% increment in the thermodynamics properties using 0.1 wt.% nanofluid at a Re of 17,500. Sadri et al [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] produced stable and eco-friendly CGNPs-H 2 O nanofluids for heat transfer and hydrodynamic applications. The friction factor increased by ~3.79% for 0.1 wt.% They believed that the increased pressure drop was due to a minor rise in the viscosity of all of the CGNPs-DW nanofluids, which necessitated a nearly insignificant increase in the fluid velocity due to the constant Re.…”

Section: Research Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frictional Pressure Drop and Cost Savings for Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow Environments

Mohammad

Aldlemy

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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Covalent-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (CF-GNPs) inside a circular heated-pipe and the subsequent pressure decrease loss within a fully developed turbulent flow were discussed in this research. Four samples of nanofluids were prepared and investigated in the ranges of 0.025 wt.%, 0.05 wt.%, 0.075 wt.%, and 0.1 wt.%. Different tools such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible-spectrophotometer (UV-visible), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), zeta potential, and nanoparticle sizing were used for the data preparation. The thermophysical properties of the working fluids were experimentally determined using the testing conditions established via computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations that had been designed to solve governing equations involving distilled water (DW) and nanofluidic flows. The average error between the numerical solution and the Blasius formula was ~4.85%. Relative to the DW, the pressure dropped by 27.80% for 0.025 wt.%, 35.69% for 0.05 wt.%, 41.61% for 0.075 wt.%, and 47.04% for 0.1 wt.%. Meanwhile, the pumping power increased by 3.8% for 0.025 wt.%, 5.3% for 0.05 wt.%, 6.6% for 0.075%, and 7.8% for 0.1 wt.%. The research findings on the cost analysis demonstrated that the daily electric costs were USD 214, 350, 416, 482, and 558 for DW of 0.025 wt.%, 0.05 wt.%, 0.075 wt.%, and 0.1 wt.%, respectively.

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Section: Research Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frictional Pressure Drop and Cost Savings for Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow Environments

Mohammad

Aldlemy

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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“…Nano-sized graphite Recently, a large number of papers have reported studies to modify carbon nanoparticles in efforts to improve their dispersibilty in polymer, as well as in solutions, and ultimately to increase targeted properties of polymers [91,92]. The modification of carbon nanoparticles has often focused on chemical modification or functionalization, to covalently attach specific functional groups to their surfaces and edges [93][94][95][96].…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Properties Of Peti-5/xgnp Commentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, and the composites: an overview

Cho

Drzal²

2016

Carbon letters

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In efforts to characterize and understand the properties and processing of phenylethynylterminated imide (LaRC PETI-5, simply referred to as PETI-5) oligomers and polymers as a high-temperature sizing material for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites, PETI-5 imidization and thermal curing behaviors have been extensively investigated based on the phenylethynyl end-group reaction. These studies are reviewed here. In addition, the use of PETI-5 to enhance interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and a bismaleimide (BMI) matrix, as well as the dynamic mechanical properties of carbon/BMI composites, are discussed. Reports on the thermal expansion behavior of intercalated graphite flake, and the effects of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) on the properties of PETI-5 matrix composites are also reviewed. The dynamic mechanical and thermal properties and the electrical resistivity of xGnP/PETI-5 composites are characterized. The effect of liquid rubber amine-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (ATBN)-coated xGnP particles incorporated into epoxy resin on the toughness of xGnP/epoxy composites is examined in terms of its impact on Izod strength. This paper provides an extensive overview from fundamental studies on PETI-5 and xGnP, as well as applied studies on relevant composite materials.Key words: polyimide, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, carbon fiber, composite, properties Phenylethynyl-Terminated Imide PolymerPolyimides have been extensively used in the electronics industry [1] as coatings, films, or adhesives and also in composite applications [2] as a primary or secondary structural material. When incorporated with organic or inorganic fibers, including carbon fibers and glass fibers, they can potentially be applied as a sizing material for high-temperature uses. In advanced applications, one of the most desirable advantages of polyimides, especially the aromatic polyimides, is their excellent high-temperature performance. Their thermal characteristics, including high temperature stability and cure behavior, are critical to successful processing and to the final properties of the resulting polyimide. For aerospace and aircraft applications, advanced polymer materials must successfully maintain their properties at high service temperatures over a long exposure time [3][4][5].The important parameters influencing the heat resistance of a polymeric material are its glass transition temperature (T g ), melting point (T m ), thermal stability, and etc., which may depend on its thermal history. Accordingly, polymers that are used to fulfill such high temperature performance should exhibit a high T g or T m and have excellent thermal stability. Even though some polyimides meet the high temperature requirement, their uses have been limited due to processing difficulties, such as poor solubility in common solvents, the release of volatiles, brittleness, and high processing temperature [6,7].Aromatic polyimides, especially acetylene or ethynyl-terminated polyimides, have been extensiv...

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“…Carbon nanoparticle-filled polymer composites have advantages over traditional polymer composites in their mechanical and thermal properties. It has been found that xGnP-filled polymer composites exhibit excellent electrical and thermal conductivities as well as good mechanical properties [4,5] even though they had a low xGnP content of less than 2 vol%. This effect is attributed to the extremely large surface area and the aspect ratio of the xGnP, which leads to the formation of a percolated conducting network within the polymer matrix at concentrations of less than 2 vol% [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural properties, interlaminar shear strength and morphology of phenolic matrix composites reinforced with xGnP-coated carbon fibers

Park¹,

Lee²,

Drzal³

et al. 2016

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In the present study, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) with different particle sizes were coated onto polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers by a direct coating method. The flexural properties, interlaminar shear strength, and the morphology of the xGnP-coated carbon fiber/phenolic matrix composites were investigated in terms of their longitudinal flexural strength and modulus, interlaminar shear strength, and by optical and scanning electron microscopic observations. The results were compared with a phenolic matrix composite counterpart prepared without xGnP. The flexural properties and interlaminar shear strength of the xGnP-coated carbon fiber/phenolic matrix composites were found to be higher than those of the uncoated composite. The flexural and interlaminar shear strengths were affected by the particle size of the xGnP, while the particle size had no significant effect on the flexural modulus. It seems that the interfacial contacts between the xGnP-coated carbon fibers and the phenolic matrix play a role in enhancing the flexural strength as well as the interlaminar shear strength of the composites.

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Functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets using sugar azide for graphene/epoxy nanocomposites

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Frictional Pressure Drop and Cost Savings for Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow Environments

Frictional Pressure Drop and Cost Savings for Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow Environments

Phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide, exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, and the composites: an overview

Flexural properties, interlaminar shear strength and morphology of phenolic matrix composites reinforced with xGnP-coated carbon fibers

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