Functionalization and Reduction of Graphene Oxide

Eigler, Siegfried; Dimiev, Ayrat M.

doi:10.1002/9781119069447.ch6

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…In Figure 1b, rGO material exhibited a decrease in the bands at 1218 and 970 cm −1 associated to epoxides, whereas the rest of the groups presented a similar intensity as compared to GO. The thermal reduction of GO was carried out at 200 °C during 12 h (see Figure S1 in ESI), and previous studies reported that epoxides are almost completely eliminated between 160 °C and 300 °C [17] . This information is consistent with the results presented in Figure 1b corroborating that in rGO sample practically all the epoxides where removed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The C1s high‐resolution XPS deconvolution of GO and rGO was performed and the results are presented in Figure S4 in SI. The peak centered at 286.5 eV was attributed to epoxides and ether groups [17] . After the thermal reduction, rGO exhibited the peak at 286.5 eV with lower intensity as compared to GO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…), [16] but also change the concentration of epoxides, alcohols and carboxylic acids throughout the GO surface. These last functional groups are the basis for developing GO‐based materials with tuned properties [17,18] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights in The Chemical Composition of Graphene Oxide via A Simple and Versatile Fluorescent Labelling Method

et al. 2021

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Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising 2D material with a complex chemical structure which characterization remains as a challenge. The widely‐accepted chemical structure of GO includes epoxides, hydroxyls and carboxylic acids. Recently, alkene groups of GO have been used for selective GO functionalization. Despite the different efforts that exist to elucidate the exact GO chemical structure, the chemical composition of the main GO functionalities is fairly limited. By knowing the GO chemical composition, chemical strategies can be developed to create improved GO‐based materials. Herein, we reported a simple and versatile fluorescent approach based on fluorescamine for the quantification of GO functionalities. This method offers important advantages such as highly selectivity, reliability, rapid quantification in bulk and can be extended to follow any primary amine containing molecule grafted onto GO.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Insights in The Chemical Composition of Graphene Oxide via A Simple and Versatile Fluorescent Labelling Method

et al. 2021

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“…We assume that water and at least bulky sulfate that is part of the structure of ai-GO is trapped under the graphene flakes. 17 To gain the maximum information about the defect density of graphene within the whole film we used SRM and scanned an area of 250 x 250 µm 2 with a step-size increment of 1 µm, about the size of the laser spot (about 1 µm 2 ). With this increment, we analyze all flakes within the scanned area and hit many of them more than once.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3]16 GO is highly stable as a monolayer in solution due to its chemical functionalization, namely epoxy, hydroxyl groups as well as organosulfate groups, as major species on the basal plane. [17][18][19][20] 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Raman Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy on Heterogeneous Graphene Obtained after Reduction of Graphene Oxide

et al. 2014

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2 graphene, graphene oxide, Raman spectroscopy, statistic Graphene oxide can be used as a precursor to graphene but the quality of graphene flakes is highly heterogeneous. Scanning-Raman-Microscopy (SRM) is used to characterize films of graphene derived from flakes of graphene oxide with an almost intact carbon framework (ai-GO). The defect density of these flakes is visualized in detail by analyzing the intensity and fullwidth at half-maximum of the most pronounced Raman peaks. In addition, we superimpose the SRM results with AFM images and correlate the spectroscopic results with the morphology. Furthermore, we use SRM technique to display the amount of defects in a film of graphene.Thus, an area of 250 x 250 µm 2 of graphene is probed with a step-size increment of 1 µm. We are able to visualize the position of graphene flakes, edges and the substrate. Finally, we alter parameters of measurement to analyze the quality of graphene fast and reliable. The described method can be used to probe and visualize the quality of graphene films.

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The Mechanistic Details for the Growth of Palladium Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Support

et al. 2017

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Composite materials, comprising metal nanoparticles (NP) on a structural support have gained significant attention as novel systems for catalysis and energy conversion. Despite the importance of these materials for practical applications, the mechanism of the NPs formation remains elusive. Here, we investigate the seeding and the growth of Pd‐NPs on graphene oxide (GO) support in the two‐step process: impregnation and annealing. During the impregnation step, Pd2+ uniformly covers GO surface due to the strong chemical bonding with the oxygen functional groups. During the thermal annealing step, the growth of Pd‐NPs occurs via the radial in‐plane migration of Pd‐NPs along the GO surface to incorporate new Pd atoms in a way, similar to the snowball effect. The exact migration path depends on the annealing temperature, and on the Pd/GO ratio. The same two factors are responsible for the size‐distribution and the lateral density of as‐grown Pd‐NPs. At high temperatures, diffusion of the growing Pd‐NPs across the GO layers complicates the picture. The annealing temperature also influences the crystallinity, or the degree of porosity of the graphenic support. Below 500°C, carbon planes remain almost intact, while above 700°C, GO decomposes into highly porous material.

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Functionalization and Reduction of Graphene Oxide

Cited by 9 publications

References 114 publications

Insights in The Chemical Composition of Graphene Oxide via A Simple and Versatile Fluorescent Labelling Method

Insights in The Chemical Composition of Graphene Oxide via A Simple and Versatile Fluorescent Labelling Method

Statistical Raman Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy on Heterogeneous Graphene Obtained after Reduction of Graphene Oxide

The Mechanistic Details for the Growth of Palladium Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Support

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