Functionalised electrode array for the detection of nitric oxide released by endothelial cells using different NO-sensing chemistries

Abstract

In a preliminary study aimed at developing strategies for the simultaneous detection of various biologically important molecules, a procedure is described that allows the electrochemical detection of nitric oxide (NO) released by a population of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by using an array of electrodes comprising three individually addressable electrodes. Each electrode in the array was modified with a different NO-sensitive electrocatalyst, thereby demonstrating the possibility of modifying the individual electrodes in an array with different sensing chemistries. This study opens a doorway to the development of arrays of electrodes for the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in a complex environment by suitably tailoring the sensitivity and selectivity of each electrode in the array to a specific analyte in the test medium.

Tonic and stimulus-evoked nitric oxide production in the mouse olfactory bulb

“…Methods for electrochemical detection of NO have recently become available (Wink et al, 1995;Christodoulou et al, 1996;Allen et al, 2000;Brunet et al, 2003;Zhang, 2004;Nunemaker et al, 2007), enabling measurements of NO on the second and sub-second time scales in local regions of neural circuitry in vivo (Buerk et al, 1996;Buerk et al, 2003a;Buerk et al, 2003b), in brain slices in vitro (Leonard et al, 2001;Ledo et al, 2002;Ferreira et al, 2005) and in neuronal cell cultures (Oni et al, 2004;Xu et al, 2004;Pereira-Rodriques et al, 2005). Here, we show for the first time that NO-selective microelectrodes can be used to measure NO production in the living mouse olfactory bulb.…”

An electrochemical functional assay for the sensing of nitric oxide release induced by angiogenic factors

“…For instance, several electrochemical investigations of NO have been carried out (17,18) using platinum modified electrodes (19)(20)(21), or chemically modified electrodes (22)(23)(24)(25). Additionally, several array designs have been proposed (24,26,27). In this review, we summarize the results we have recently obtained with a multiple microelectrode array (MMA).…”

Chip Based Electroanalytical Systems for Cell Analysis

“…Zhang et al [84] developed a sensitive microchip based NO sensor, with a subnanomolar detection limit, intended for in vivo applications. However, the first microchip based NO sensor used for in vitro cell analysis was reported by Oni et al [85] who measured NO release from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HU-VEC) using arrays of individually modified electrodes. The À using a combination of cytochrome c biosensors and optical techniques [89].…”