Functional Walk Tests in Individuals With Stroke

Eng, Janice J.; Chu, Karen Chia Wen; Dawson, Andrew S.; Kim, C.Maria; Hepburn, Katherine E.

doi:10.1161/hs0302.104195

Cited by 252 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This association occurred at the expense of the patients' perception of their mobility. The simplicity of the 6MWT has led to its use in the assessment of patients with functional disability caused by neurologic disorders 17,18,29 . The mean walking distance obtained from our sample is on a par with the results put forward by Garber and Friedman 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of changes in balance and walking capacity on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease

Scalzo

Flores

Marques

et al. 2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Parkinson' s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and it affects 0.3% of the population at large 1 . Pathologically, PD is characterized by the loss of the dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra pars compacta, causing the reduction of the striatal dopamine levels 2 . Clinically, PD is marked by the presence of tremors at rest, rigidity and bradykinesia 2 . With the PD progression, other impairments occur, such as postural instability 3 and gait dysfunctions 4 . These impairments result in a greater propensity to falls [5][6][7] , as well as a reduced capacity to walk 8 , and lead to progressive functional restraints. These physical aspects contribute to worsen the quality of life (QoL) in patients with PD 9-13 .QoL is a multidimensional concept that refers to an individual' s subjective perception concerning their life and other aspects, such as familial relationships, the patient' s own health, financial issues, housing, social life and leisure ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms that cause the decline of functional capacity and affect the quality of life (QoL). Objective: To evaluate the impact of changes in balance and walking capacity on the PD. Methods: The instruments used were: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HY), Schwab and England scale (SE), quality of life questionnaire (PDQ-39), Berg balance Scale (BBS) and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Results: Thirty-six patients with mean disease duration of 7.3 years were assessed. Lower scores on the BBS and shorter distances walked during the 6MWT correlated with a poorer perception of QoL. This correlation occurred at the expense of the mobility and daily living activities domains. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the impairment in balance while performing functional activities and the reduction in walking capacity are important factors that negatively affect the perception of QoL in PD patients.Key words: Parkinson's disease, quality of life, postural balance. RESUMOA doença de Parkinson (DP) é caracterizada por sintomas motores que causam declínio da capacidade funcional e afetam a qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto das mudanças no equilíbrio e na capacidade de marcha em doentes com DP. Métodos: Foram utilizados instrumentos específicos para avaliação clínica da DP: Escala Unificada de Avaliação da Doença de Parkinson (UPDRS), Escala de Hoehn e Yahr (HY) modificada, Escala de Schwab e England (SE), questionário de qualidade de vida (PDQ-39), Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB) e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M). Resultados: Foram avaliados 36 pacientes, com duração média da doença de 7,3 anos. Menores pontuações na EEB e menores distâncias percorridas durante o TC6M mostraram correlação com pior percepção da QV. Essa correlação ocorreu em detrimento dos domínios de mobilidade e atividades de vida diária. Conclusão: Nossos resultados indicaram que o prejuízo no equilíbrio durante a realização de atividades funcio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplicity of the 6MWT has led to its use in the assessment of patients with functional disability caused by neurologic disorders 17,18 . However, few studies reported walking capacity during 6MWT in people with PD and these studies didn't assess how the patients perceive the reduction of mobility in QoL 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of changes in balance and walking capacity on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease

Scalzo

Flores

Marques

et al. 2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…Similar findings have been reported in persons with stroke where the correlation coefficient between gait speed and 6-minwalk distance was found to be as high as 0.92. 24 However, Eng et al 24 suggested that although the 6-minwalk distance may not provide different information from gait speed, monitoring the change in heart rate and blood pressure during the 6-min-walk test provided important information regarding an individual's myocardial exertion over the task. The change in hemodynamics may be a worthy measure to monitor during the 6-min-walk test in the future for individuals with SCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

2004

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Study design: Prospective analysis of relationships. Objectives: (1) To quantify the relationship between individual lower extremity muscle strength and functional walking measures and (2) to determine whether a multiple regression model incorporating lower extremity muscle strength could predict the performance of functional walking measures in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI) living in the community. Setting: Tertiary rehabilitation center, Vancouver, Canada. Methods: In all, 22 subjects with ISCI participated. The relationship between functional walking measures (gait speed, 6-min-walk distance, and ambulatory capacity) and muscle strength (manual tests of hip flexors/extensors/abductors, knee flexors/extensors, ankle dorsiflexors/plantarflexors, and great toe extensors) were measured by Pearson's correlation and regression procedures. Results: For both the more and less affected sides, hip flexors, hip extensors, and hip abductors produced the highest correlations with the three functional measures. The less affected hip flexor strength explained more than 50% of the variance in gait speed and 6-min-walk distance while the less affected hip extensor strength explained up to 64% of the variance in ambulatory capacity. For all three functional measures, the strength of the less affected limb was more important than that of the more affected limb. Conclusions: Lower extremity muscle strength, in particular that of hip flexors, hip extensors, and hip abductors, is an important determinant of functional walking performance.

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“…For example, stroke patients may have trouble walking while shopping at a store, which is one of the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). A study reported that gait function measurement is mainly carried out in a laboratory or other spaces in a hospital, and stroke patients are not provided with other environments in which they can try to adapt their gait to basic living conditions 12) . Laboratory and hospital environments are different from outdoor environments, and this leads to stroke patients having limited gait ability in their communities and low adaptability to home-dwelling because these environmental factors are not reflected in rehabilitation treatment 13) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Measurement Environment on the Gait Velocity and Balance of Stroke Patients

You

Her

et al. 2012

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine between an hospital environment and a outdoor environment of differences the gait velocity and balance ability of hemiplegia patients, who had received an eightweek rehabilitation treatment for gait and balance [Subjects] A total of 27 hemiplegia patients participated. [Methods] Before and a the rehabilitation treatment, 30 m gait tests and six-minute gait tests were carried out in a hospital environment and a outdoor environment to measure the subjects' gait velocities. To measure their balance, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test were conducted. The paired t-test was performed to verify the statistical differences between the before and after measurements in the two environments. [Results] The results showed an improvement in the 30 m and six-minute gait tests after the treatment in the hospital environment, but not in the outdoor environment, while the BBS and TUG scores improved after the treatment in both environments. These results suggest the necessity of studies on rehabilitation treatment methods, which can help hemiplegia patients to adapt gait velocity and balance ability to outdoor environments. [Conclusion] In conclusion the results highlight that the measurement environment can affect the outcome of the test and researchers should take this into consideration when testing.

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Functional Walk Tests in Individuals With Stroke

Cited by 252 publications

References 39 publications

Impact of changes in balance and walking capacity on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease

Impact of changes in balance and walking capacity on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

The Effects of Measurement Environment on the Gait Velocity and Balance of Stroke Patients

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