Functional role of formate dehydrogenase 1 (FDH1) for host and nonhost disease resistance against bacterial pathogens

Abstract

Nonhost disease resistance is the most common type of plant defense mechanism against potential pathogens. In the present study, the metabolic enzyme formate dehydrogenase 1 (FDH1) was identified to associate with nonhost disease resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. In Arabidopsis, AtFDH1 was highly upregulated in response to both host and nonhost bacterial pathogens. The Atfdh1 mutants were compromised in nonhost resistance, basal resistance, and gene-for-gene resistance. The expression patterns of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) marker genes after pathogen infections in Atfdh1 mutant indicated that both SA and JA are involved in the FDH1-mediated plant defense response to both host and nonhost bacterial pathogens. Previous studies reported that FDH1 localizes to mitochondria, or both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Our results showed that the AtFDH1 mainly localized to mitochondria, and the expression level of FDH1 was drastically increased upon infection with host or nonhost pathogens. Furthermore, we identified the potential co-localization of mitochondria expressing FDH1 with chloroplasts after the infection with nonhost pathogens in Arabidopsis. This finding suggests the possible role of FDH1 in mitochondria and chloroplasts during defense responses against bacterial pathogens in plants.

Global Proteome Profiling Revealed the Adaptive Reprogramming of Barley Flag Leaf to Drought and Elevated Temperature

“…Apart from the known role of PR10 in defense against pathogens, its enhanced expression under various abiotic hazards in different plant species, resulting in improved stress tolerance, has also been documented [ 54 ]. Similarly, it has been proposed that formate dehydrogenase, encoded by the FDH1 gene in Arabidopsis , confers tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses [ 55 , 56 ]. Curiously, we found that its barley ortholog, HORVU7Hr1G047700, was upregulated in flag leaf in response to HD, along with the protein that it encodes.…”

Engineering the N-Terminal Sequence of Glycine Max Soybean Formate Dehydrogenase

“…В отличие от дрожжей и грибов, в которых FDH находится в цитоплазме, в растениях формиатдегидрогеназа локализована в митохондриях и за счет окисления формиат-иона снабжает клетку энергией в виде восстановленного NADH. Было показано, что в растениях формиатдегидрогеназа является ферментом стресса, поскольку при неблагоприятных воздействиях синтез FDH резко возрастает и ее содержание может достигать до 10% от всех митохондриальных белков [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Кроме того, растительные FDH отличаются от формиатдегидрогеназ микроорганизмов способностью к регуляции активности за счет фосфорилирования.…”