Functional polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, ACE, and IL-6 genes contribute to susceptibility to community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia

Abstract

Genetic predisposition to CAP and NP is attributed to the cumulative contribution of polymorphisms at the CYP1A1, IL-6, and ACE genes, independently of age, gender, causative pathogen, and the use of mechanical ventilation, in patients in the Russian Federation.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism is associated with pneumonia risk: A meta-analysis

“…A total of 12 eligible studies involving 5031 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The characteristics of selected studies are summarized in Table 1. There were four studies of Caucasians and seven studies of Asians.…”

“…5 So far, a number of studies have investigated the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with pneumonia. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Unfortunately, these epidemiological studies, performed in different countries, have yielded conflicting results, from strong links to no association. For instance, Morimoto et al indicated that the ACE DD genotype was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia and fatal pneumonia.…”

Understanding the Intersection of Environmental Pollution, Pneumonia, and Inflammation: Does Gender Play a Role?

“…Therefore, it is highly likely that these differences are the result of a complex interplay between both host and pathogen genetic backgrounds together with nongenetic factors, such as those discussed above [182]. With the recent development of fast and affordable high-throughput sequencing techniques, more studies have begun to explore the contributions of host genetics in the context of pneumonia [183][184][185][186]. The majority of these have focused on innate immune molecules, such as toll-like receptors and proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Increased risk of pneumonia associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (CD143) rs4340 polymorphism

“…1. Overall, 10 original articles concerning the correlation of rs4340 SNP with pneumonia were considered eligible for this analysis [15,16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Main characteristics, including first author, publication year, study country, ethnicity of the populations included, assays used in determining rs4340 SNP, source of controls, specific type of pneumonia, and sample size, are presented in Table 1.…”

“…Recently, several studies indicate that the rs4340 genetic polymorphism was correlated with pneumonia predisposition [15,16]. However, this relationship remains controversial.…”