Functional physical training improves women’s military occupational performance

Nindl, Bradley C.; Eagle, Shawn R.; Frykman, Peter; Palmer, Christopher; Lammi, Eric; Reynolds, Katy; Allison, Katelyn F.; Harman, Everett A.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.012

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Previous work on strength training has noted that a longer training period may be more advantageous in producing optimal strength adaptations in women compared with men. 23,34 Perhaps, after suffering a shoulder injury, women require more rehabilitation time to rectify strength symmetry to within 10% of the noninjured limb than men. However, the results of this study cannot delineate when the injury occurred relative to the muscular imbalance; further study is needed to adequately answer that question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,17,31,44 However, the risk factor with the largest sex-related differences appears to be muscular strength, as men are reported to be 30% to 50% stronger than women in certain tasks. 11,23,24,[33][34][35][36] Upper body strength, specifically, is of particular concern for women, as men in their 20s typically display around 50% more muscle mass in the upper body and thus can produce more torque. 44 Therefore, investigating sex differences in upper body strength may be particularly relevant in military populations, given the recent repealing of the Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Significantly Increased Odds of Reporting Previous Shoulder Injuries in Female Marines Based on Larger Magnitude Shoulder Rotator Bilateral Strength Differences

Eagle

Connaboy

et al. 2018

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background:Musculoskeletal injuries to the extremities are a primary concern for the United States (US) military. One possible injury risk factor in this population is side-to-side strength imbalance.Purpose:To examine the odds of reporting a previous shoulder injury in US Marine Corps Ground Combat Element Integrated Task Force volunteers based on side-to-side strength differences in isokinetic shoulder strength.Study Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:Male (n = 219) and female (n = 91) Marines were included in this analysis. Peak torque values from 5 shoulder internal/external rotation repetitions were averaged and normalized to body weight. The difference in side-to-side strength measurements was calculated as the absolute value of the limb difference divided by the mean peak torque of the dominant limb. Participants were placed into groups based on the magnitude of these differences: <10%, 10% to 20%, and >20%. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated.Results:When separated by sex, 13.2% of men reported an injury, while 5.5% of women reported an injury. Female Marines with >20% internal rotation side-to-side strength differences demonstrated increased odds of reporting a previous shoulder injury compared with female Marines with <10% strength differences (OR, 15.4; 95% CI, 1.4-167.2; P = .03 ) and female Marines with 10% to 20% strength differences (OR, 13.9; 95% CI, 1.3-151.2; P = .04). No significant ORs were demonstrated in male Marines.Conclusion:Marines with larger magnitude internal rotation strength differences demonstrated increased odds of reporting a previous shoulder injury compared with those with lesser magnitude differences. Additionally, female sex appears to drastically affect the increased odds of reporting shoulder injuries (OR, 13.9-15.4) with larger magnitude differences (ie, >20%) compared with those with lesser magnitude differences (ie, <10% and 10%-20%). The retrospective cohort design of this study cannot delineate cause and effect but establishes a relationship between female Marines and greater odds of larger magnitude strength differences after returning from an injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significantly Increased Odds of Reporting Previous Shoulder Injuries in Female Marines Based on Larger Magnitude Shoulder Rotator Bilateral Strength Differences

Eagle

Connaboy

et al. 2018

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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“…Bu nedenle kadınlara savaş zamanı aslında çok görev verilmemektedir. Ancak yapılan bir çalışma kadın askerler için başlangıçta özel tatbikatlar, uzun mesafeli koşu ve ağır yük taşıma gibi askeri gerekliliklerde başlangıçta zorlansalar dahi 6 aylık düzenli çalışma ile erkek askerler ile eşit konuma geldiklerini bildirmişlerdir (Nindl, 2017).…”

Section: Savaşan Kadinlarunclassified

Savaş Ve Kadin

Ak¹

2018

jisr

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SAVAŞ VE KADIN WAR AND WOMEN Eda YAKIT AK • Öz Savaş yüzyıllardır konum değiştiren ancak tüm dünya uluslarını etkileyen bir olgudur. Savaşın cinsiyetlere ve yaşlara göre etkileri özelleştiği söylenebilir. Ancak şüphesiz ki kadınları birçok boyutta ilgilendirmektedir. Çocukluk döneminden başlayarak yaşamın son evresine kadar etkilenen kadınlar savaşın en büyük mağdurlarındandır. Kadınların zaten tecrübe edindikleri şiddet türlerinin tamamı savaş zamanlarında yaşanmaktadır. Fiziksel ve cinsel işkenceler, yoksulluk, işsizlik, zorla evlendirilme, tutsaklık ve kölelik gibi şiddetin farklı boyutları ile karşılaşmaktadırlar. Savaş sonuçlarının araştırılması zor ve zaman alan bir konu olsa da bu kaotik ortamlardan yıllar sonra gelen veriler kadınların ne derece mağdur olduklarının kanıtı olmaktadır. Hemşirelik, savaş zamanlarında en ihtiyaç duyulan, kritik role sahip olan ve çoğunlukla kadınların icra ettikleri bir meslektir. Savaş tarihinin neredeyse ilk zamanlarından beri kadınlar yaralı asker ve sivillere bakım ve tedavi vermişlerdir. Savaşın hemşirelik mesleği ile yakın ilişkisi olduğu bilinmesine rağmen eğitim dönemleri boyunca bu karışık dönemlerde ne önlemler alınması gerektiğini hemşireler bilemeyebilmektedir. Bu derleme savaş alanlarından gelen ve kadınları etkilediği belirlenen sorunları ortaya koymak aynı zamanda bu süreçte hemşirelere düşen görevleri ortaya sermek amacı ile yazılmıştır.

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“…Physical exertion (e.g., training, occupational tasks, and recreation) is essential for the development and maintenance of physical performance and fitness, core occupational competencies for tactical populations [8, 15, 16]. Nevertheless, physical exertion is also the leading cause of MSI [6, 7, 14, 17, 18] with the lower extremities most frequently affected [4, 5, 19–22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of exertional lower extremity musculoskeletal injury in tactical populations: protocol for a systematic review and planned meta-analysis of prospective studies from 1955 to 2018

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMusculoskeletal injuries (MSI) represent more than half of all injuries in tactical populations (i.e., military service and public safety workers including police, firefighters, emergency medical services (EMS)). Most lower extremity MSIs result from physical exertion during training, occupational tasks, and recreation. Such exertional lower extremity injuries (ELEI) produce a significant human and financial cost. Accordingly, significant efforts have been made to identify sensitive, specific, and reliable predictors of ELEI. There is a need to synthesize and evaluate the predictive value of risk factors for ELEI while addressing the influence of occupation, sex, exposure, injury characteristics, and study quality. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review and planned meta-analysis is to evaluate risk factors for ELEI in tactical populations.MethodsAfter the development of a search strategy, comprehensive searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases. Articles will be screened with a multi-user process and delimited to prospective comparative cohort studies that directly measure injury occurrence in the target population(s). Extracted data will be synthesized and assessed for reporting bias, meta-bias, and overall quality, with subgroup analyses to determine the influence of participant, injury, and exposure characteristics in addition to study quality.DiscussionThis systematic review and planned meta-analysis will comprehensively evaluate ELEI risk factors. Information gained will inform injury prevention protocols, facilitate the use of improved measurements, and identify requirements for future research.Trial RegistrationThe systematic review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 3 Jan 2018 (registration number CRD42018056977).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13643-018-0883-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Functional physical training improves women’s military occupational performance

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Significantly Increased Odds of Reporting Previous Shoulder Injuries in Female Marines Based on Larger Magnitude Shoulder Rotator Bilateral Strength Differences

Significantly Increased Odds of Reporting Previous Shoulder Injuries in Female Marines Based on Larger Magnitude Shoulder Rotator Bilateral Strength Differences

Savaş Ve Kadin

Prediction of exertional lower extremity musculoskeletal injury in tactical populations: protocol for a systematic review and planned meta-analysis of prospective studies from 1955 to 2018

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