“…Effective policy measures should also be stepped up in monitoring rent-seeking privileges (e.g., tax subsidy) accorded to businesses for the good of nation building, while at the same time expanding domestic productivity. This must be supported by efficient policy measures akin to Import Substitution Industrialisation (ISI) model, which is capable of capacitating high level of domestic productivity, preferably for inelastic goods and services (Jabbie & Saffa, 2021;Jackson & Jabbie, 2020b).…”