Functional Neuroimaging to Characterize Visual System Development in Children with Retinoblastoma

Barb, Scott; Rodríguez‐Galindo, Carlos; Wilson, Matthew W.; Phillips, Nicholas S.; Zou, Ping; Scoggins, Matthew; Li, Yimei; Qaddoumi, Ibrahim; Helton, Kathleen J.; Bikhazi, George B.; Haik, Barrett G.; Ogg, Robert J.

doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5600

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…36 Finally, cortical dominance corresponding to the projection from the nasal hemiretina in the remaining eye has been found in enucleated children. 37 These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a lack of binocular competitive and inhibitory interactions allows the remaining eye to recruit visual neurons associated with the enucleated eye, resulting in cortical reorganization of the visual system after early ME.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Impaired Face Processing in Early Monocular Deprivation from Enucleation

Kelly

Gallie

Steeves

2012

Optometry and Vision Science

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These results indicate an impairment in the feature spacing and feature aspects of face perception with ME. They also suggest a present yet, incomplete, development of holistic face processing in this group. Although the complete removal of inhibitory binocular interactions and/or the absence of binocular competition in early ME may result in cortical reorganization of the visual system and preserve low- to mid-level spatial vision, it may be insufficient for the maturation of high-level face perception.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Impaired Face Processing in Early Monocular Deprivation from Enucleation

Kelly

Gallie

Steeves

2012

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Very few studies analyzed functional consequences of enucleation (Toldi et al, 1989; Olavarria et al, 2007; Barb et al, 2011; Kozanian et al, 2015). One of these is from Toldi et al (1989) in which they recorded rats into the lateral portion of the V1, in the cortex contralateral to the removed eye.…”

Section: Callosal Plasticity: How Visual Input Impacts On Interhemispmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study by Barb et al (2011) has used DTI to investigate structural features of the CC in subjects with retinoblastoma, a childhood cancer of the eye. The authors found evidence for disruption of white matter maturation, in particular patients with bilateral retinoblastoma had greater deficits compared to those with unilateral disease.…”

Section: Callosal Plasticity: How Visual Input Impacts On Interhemispmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors found evidence for disruption of white matter maturation, in particular patients with bilateral retinoblastoma had greater deficits compared to those with unilateral disease. However, these abnormalities were transient and fractional anisotropy progressed towards normal values with the increase of age of the patients (Barb et al, 2011). …”

Section: Callosal Plasticity: How Visual Input Impacts On Interhemispmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reorganization of Visual Callosal Connections Following Alterations of Retinal Input and Brain Damage

Restani

Caleo

2016

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Vision is a very important sensory modality in humans. Visual disorders are numerous and arising from diverse and complex causes. Deficits in visual function are highly disabling from a social point of view and in addition cause a considerable economic burden. For all these reasons there is an intense effort by the scientific community to gather knowledge on visual deficit mechanisms and to find possible new strategies for recovery and treatment. In this review, we focus on an important and sometimes neglected player of the visual function, the corpus callosum (CC). The CC is the major white matter structure in the brain and is involved in information processing between the two hemispheres. In particular, visual callosal connections interconnect homologous areas of visual cortices, binding together the two halves of the visual field. This interhemispheric communication plays a significant role in visual cortical output. Here, we will first review the essential literature on the physiology of the callosal connections in normal vision. The available data support the view that the callosum contributes to both excitation and inhibition to the target hemisphere, with a dynamic adaptation to the strength of the incoming visual input. Next, we will focus on data showing how callosal connections may sense visual alterations and respond to the classical paradigm for the study of visual plasticity, i.e., monocular deprivation (MD). This is a prototypical example of a model for the study of callosal plasticity in pathological conditions (e.g., strabismus and amblyopia) characterized by unbalanced input from the two eyes. We will also discuss the findings of callosal alterations in blind subjects. Noteworthy, we will discuss data showing that inter-hemispheric transfer mediates recovery of visual responsiveness following cortical damage. Finally, we will provide an overview of how callosal projections dysfunction could contribute to pathologies such as neglect and occipital epilepsy. A particular focus will be on reviewing noninvasive brain stimulation techniques and optogenetic approaches that allow to selectively manipulate callosal function and to probe its involvement in cortical processing and plasticity. Overall, the data indicate that experience can potently impact on transcallosal connectivity, and that the callosum itself is crucial for plasticity and recovery in various disorders of the visual pathway.

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“…Current high‐field MRI scanners (3 T or higher) and parallel imaging technique offer improved sensitivity on DTI measurement and become increasingly popular in clinic, greatly facilitating the examination of optic nerve in child patients. In addition, the monkey DTI measurement and analysis are translational and the data might be used as a reference in clinical study, as DTI investigation of optic nerve in children at very early age could be invasive because an invasive procedure, sedation, is required for children under 4 years old to reduce motion artifacts during scanning (Barb et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo evaluation of optic nerve development in non‐human primates by using diffusion tensor imaging

Yan

Nair

et al. 2013

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Developmental abnormalities of optic nerve are the leading cause of child blindness. The goal of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to characterize the optic nerve development of non‐human primates during the normal maturation from birth to adulthood. Forty healthy rhesus monkeys aged from 2 weeks to 6 years old were scanned with a clinical 3 T scanner. It was demonstrated that the DTI parameters followed an exponential pattern during optic nerve maturation. The time constants of mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (λ∥) and radial diffusivity (λ⊥) were 16, 14, 18 and 15 months in rhesus monkeys, respectively. Significant decrease in RD was observed firstly at 12 months after birth (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the left and right optic nerves in any age group. The in vivo imaging results reveal the normal evolution patterns of DTI parameters during optic nerve maturation in primates. The data might be used as a reference in the examination of optic nerve developmental abnormalities or injury in children or preclinical studies.

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Functional Neuroimaging to Characterize Visual System Development in Children with Retinoblastoma

Abstract: Longitudinal functional neuroimaging demonstrated important effects of disease and treatment. Therefore, fMRI and DTI may be useful for characterizing the impact of retinoblastoma on the developing visual system and improving the prediction of visual outcome in survivors.

Cited by 16 publications

References 73 publications

Impaired Face Processing in Early Monocular Deprivation from Enucleation

Impaired Face Processing in Early Monocular Deprivation from Enucleation

Reorganization of Visual Callosal Connections Following Alterations of Retinal Input and Brain Damage

In vivo evaluation of optic nerve development in non‐human primates by using diffusion tensor imaging

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