Impaired Face Processing in Early Monocular Deprivation from Enucleation

Kelly, Krista R.; Gallie, Brenda L.; Steeves, Jennifer K. E.

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e318240488e

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In contrast to people with amblyopia (Barrett, Bradley, & McGraw, 2004;Birch, 2013;Kiorpes, 2006;Levi, 2006;McKee, Levi, & Movshon, 2003;Wong, 2012), enucleated observers exhibit intact or enhanced spatial vision (Kelly, Moro, & Steeves, 2013;Steeves, González, & Steinbach, 2008;Steinbach & González, 2006), particularly at low contrast Nicholas, Heywood, & Cowey, 1996;Steeves et al, 2004). In common with, although not as severely as in people with amblyopia, enucleated observers also exhibit deficits in face (Kelly, Gallie, & Steeves, 2012) and in motion perception Steeves et al, 2002). The dissociation between spatial and motion perception is illustrated by the deficits in speed discrimination but not in luminance contrast perception shown by enucleated observers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The failure to replicate the naso-temporal and upper/lower hemifield asymmetries in motion perception that are sometimes (Bowns, Kirshner, & Steinbach, 1994;Reed et al, 1991), but not always (Kelly, Gallie, & Steeves, 2012), found in enucleated observers may be due to differences in age at enucleation (AAE) in the different studies. Because it takes approximately 6 months for central vision to be obstructed by an intraocular tumor, some of our participants may have experienced a period of binocular vision.…”

Section: Motion Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Unaffected smooth pursuit but impaired motion perception in monocularly enucleated observers

et al. 2014

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The objective of this paper was to study the characteristics of closed-loop smooth pursuit eye movements of 15 unilaterally eye enucleated individuals and 18 age-matched controls and to compare them to their performance in two tests of motion perception: relative motion and motion coherence. The relative motion test used a brief (150 ms) small stimulus with a continuously present fixation target to preclude pursuit eye movements. The duration of the motion coherence trials was 1s, which allowed a brief pursuit of the stimuli. Smooth pursuit data were obtained with a step-ramp procedure. Controls were tested both monocularly and binocularly. The data showed worse performance by the enucleated observers in the relative motion task but no statistically significant differences in motion coherence between the two groups. On the other hand, the smooth pursuit gain of the enucleated participants was as good as that of controls for whom we found no binocular advantage. The data show that enucleated observers do not exhibit deficits in the afferent or sensory pathways or in the efferent or motor pathways of the steady-state smooth pursuit system even though their visual processing of motion is impaired.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Motion Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Unaffected smooth pursuit but impaired motion perception in monocularly enucleated observers

et al. 2014

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“…As well, given the relative lateralization of many face processes, interhemispheric communication can be necessary for efficient functioning [Mohr et al, ]. The significant bidirectional reduction in FA in the interhemispheric V1 projections of ME participants may therefore contribute to the slower response latencies and impaired holistic face processing reported in this group [Kelly et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, mild impairments for visual motion perception and oculomotor abilities are observed [for review, see Kelly et al, ; Steeves et al, ]. On tasks requiring participants to process the shape and spacing of internal facial features, individuals who have undergone early monocular enucleation also demonstrate mild impairments compared to both monocular and binocular viewing controls [Kelly et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered white matter structure in the visual system following early monocular enucleation

Wong

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Kelly

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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Partial visual deprivation from early monocular enucleation (the surgical removal of one eye within the first few years of life) results in a number of long-term morphological adaptations in adult cortical and subcortical visual, auditory, and multisensory brain regions. In this study, we investigated whether early monocular enucleation also results in the altered development of white matter structure. Diffusion tensor imaging and probabilistic tractography were performed to assess potential differences in visual system white matter in adult participants who had undergone early monocular enucleation compared to binocularly intact controls. To examine the microstructural properties of these tracts, mean diffusion parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were extracted bilaterally. Asymmetries opposite to those observed in controls were found for FA, MD, and RD in the optic radiations, the projections from primary visual cortex (V1) to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and the interhemispheric V1 projections of early monocular enucleation participants. Early monocular enucleation was also associated with significantly lower FA bidirectionally in the interhemispheric V1 projections. These differences were consistently greater for the tracts contralateral to the enucleated eye, and are consistent with the asymmetric LGN volumes and optic tract diameters previously demonstrated in this group of participants. Overall, these results indicate that early monocular enucleation has long-term effects on white matter structure in the visual pathway that results in reduced fiber organization in tracts contralateral to the enucleated eye. Hum Brain Mapp 39:133-144, 2018.V C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Enucleation, however, seems to have adverse effects on the maturation of functions, such as motion [9][10][11] and face perception. 12 When evaluating the characteristics of monocular vision, the question arises as to the contribution of oculomotor control to the visual functions investigated. To this day, however, only fixation stability and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) have been measured in one-eyed observers to our knowledge.…”

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confidence: 99%