Functional Integration Between the Two Brain Hemispheres: Evidence From the Homotopic Functional Connectivity Under Resting State

Jin, Xing‐Kun; Liang, Xinyu; Gong, Gaolang

doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00932

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…Finally, the reported general homotopy pattern is consistent with previous literature showing higher values of homotopic connectivity in sensory-motor regions and lower values in associative cortices, such as the prefrontal cortex (Garcia-Tabuenca et al 2018;Mancuso et al 2019;Jin et al 2020;Zuo et al 2010). This pattern shows several commonalities with the principal functional gradient recently suggested by Marguiles and colleagues (2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This general gradient is related to structural connections of the brain. The corpus callosum, the major inter-hemispheric connectivity tract, plays a key role in mediating homotopy functional integration (for a recent review see Jin et al 2020 ). This assumption is supported by studies reporting an association between homotopic connectivity dysfunction and degraded corpus callosum integrity, which is accompanied by lower processing speed and worse cognitive performance, as shown in cognitive aging (Persson et al 2006 ; Sullivan et al 2006 ; Madden et al 2009 ; Gorbach et al 2017 ; Avelar-Pereira et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, functional homotopy is influenced by many alterations of brain physiology (Jin et al 2020 ). Global functional homotopy follows a quadratic trend across the lifespan, with a progressive decrease during development, conceivably accompanying functional specialization, and a later increase with cognitive aging (Kelly et al 2009 ; Supekar et al 2009 ; Zuo et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fronto-parietal homotopy in resting-state functional connectivity predicts task-switching performance

et al. 2021

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Homotopic functional connectivity reflects the degree of synchrony in spontaneous activity between homologous voxels in the two hemispheres. Previous studies have associated increased brain homotopy and decreased white matter integrity with performance decrements on different cognitive tasks across the life-span. Here, we correlated functional homotopy, both at the whole-brain level and specifically in fronto-parietal network nodes, with task-switching performance in young adults. Cue-to-target intervals (CTI: 300 vs. 1200 ms) were manipulated on a trial-by-trial basis to modulate cognitive demands and strategic control. We found that mixing costs, a measure of task-set maintenance and monitoring, were significantly correlated to homotopy in different nodes of the fronto-parietal network depending on CTI. In particular, mixing costs for short CTI trials were smaller with lower homotopy in the superior frontal gyrus, whereas mixing costs for long CTI trials were smaller with lower homotopy in the supramarginal gyrus. These results were specific to the fronto-parietal network, as similar voxel-wise analyses within a control language network did not yield significant correlations with behavior. These findings extend previous literature on the relationship between homotopy and cognitive performance to task-switching, and show a dissociable role of homotopy in different fronto-parietal nodes depending on task demands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fronto-parietal homotopy in resting-state functional connectivity predicts task-switching performance

et al. 2021

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“…Our findings showed that the modeling framework of the Virtual Aging Brain (VAB) can bridge the explanatory gap between the structural connectivity changes and the brain's functional reorganization during the aging process. With the current results we can, for the first time, mechanistically confirm the previous assumptions that inter-hemispheric SC serves as a pivotal basis for homotopic FC (Jin et al, 2020;Mollink et al, 2019;Roland et al, 2017). Specifically, our results show age-related decreases of not only homotopic FC but also interhemispheric FCD to be driven by inter-hemispheric SC decreases, suggesting an emergence of functional dedifferentiation in older adults (Chan et al, 2014;Reuter-Lorenz & Park, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The virtual aging brain: a model-driven explanation for cognitive decline in older subjects

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et al. 2022

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Healthy aging is accompanied by heterogeneous decline of cognitive abilities among individuals, especially during senescence. The mechanisms of this variability are not understood, but have been associated with the reorganization of white matter fiber tracts and the functional co-activations of brain regions. Here, we built a causal inference framework to provide mechanistic insight into the link between structural connectivity and brain function, informed by brain imaging data and network modeling. By applying various degrees of interhemispheric degradation of structural connectivity, we were not only able to reproduce the age-related decline in interhemispheric functional communication and the associated dynamical flexibility, but we obtained an increase of global modulation of structural connectivity over the brain function during senescence. Notably, the increase in modulation between structural connectivity and brian function was higher in magnitude and steeper in its increase in older adults with poor cognitive performance. We independently validated the causal hypothesis of our framework via a Bayesian approach based on deep-learning. The current results might be the first mechanistic demonstration of dedifferentiation and scaffolding during aging leading to cognitive decline demonstrated in a large cohort.

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“…The corpus callosum (CC) is a wide and thick intermediate white matter track that includes several numbers of fibers that connect the two cortical hemispheres and provides interhemispheric transmission of information within the brain [ 1 , 2 ]. Most CC fibers have homotopic connectivity and topographical arrangement [ 3 , 4 ]. Shape changes or decreased CC size are associated with cognitive decline [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the corpus callosum in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: Deep learning-based assessment

et al. 2021

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Background Several studies have reported changes in the corpus callosum (CC) in Alzheimer’s disease. However, the involved region differed according to the study population and study group. Using deep learning technology, we ensured accurate analysis of the CC in Alzheimer’s disease. Methods We used the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) dataset to investigate changes in the CC. The individuals were divided into three groups using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR); 94 normal controls (NC) were not demented (NC group, CDR = 0), 56 individuals had very mild dementia (VMD group, CDR = 0.5), and 17 individuals were defined as having mild and moderate dementia (MD group, CDR = 1 or 2). Deep learning technology using a convolutional neural network organized in a U-net architecture was used to segment the CC in the midsagittal plane. Total CC length and regional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the CC were made. Results The total CC length was negatively associated with cognitive function. (beta = -0.139, p = 0.022) Among MRI measurements of the CC, the height of the anterior third (beta = 0.038, p <0.0001) and width of the body (beta = 0.077, p = 0.001) and the height (beta = 0.065, p = 0.001) and area of the splenium (beta = 0.059, p = 0.027) were associated with cognitive function. To distinguish MD from NC and VMD, the receiver operating characteristic analyses of these MRI measurements showed areas under the curves of 0.65–0.74. (total CC length = 0.705, height of the anterior third = 0.735, width of the body = 0.714, height of the splenium = 0.703, area of the splenium = 0.649). Conclusions Among MRI measurements, total CC length, the height of the anterior third and width of the body, and the height and area of the splenium were associated with cognitive decline. They had fair diagnostic validity in distinguishing MD from NC and VMD.

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Functional Integration Between the Two Brain Hemispheres: Evidence From the Homotopic Functional Connectivity Under Resting State

Cited by 20 publications

References 58 publications

Fronto-parietal homotopy in resting-state functional connectivity predicts task-switching performance

Fronto-parietal homotopy in resting-state functional connectivity predicts task-switching performance

The virtual aging brain: a model-driven explanation for cognitive decline in older subjects

Alteration of the corpus callosum in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: Deep learning-based assessment

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