Functional improvements after a pilates program in adolescents with a history of back pain: A randomised controlled trial

López-Vivancos

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

Spinal pain (SP) is widely extended among adolescents. The origin of SP can be multifactorial; thus, the present study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk of SP in high school students and to determine the differences in sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt, hamstring extensibility, age, anthropometric variables and healthy lifestyle habits dependent on SP between sexes. Two hundred seventy-three teenagers took part in this cross-sectional study. Age, sagittal spinal curvatures, hamstring extensibility, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, anthropometric variables and health related quality of life (HRQL) were recorded. SP was reported by 16.12% of adolescents. Differences were observed in the HRQL according to SP (p < 0.05). Participants without SP were less sedentary (22.12%) and younger (13.10 years old) than participants with SP (40.91% and 13.66, respectively) (p < 0.05). A logistic regression model showed that both variables were significantly collinear (VIF = 1.01; Durbin-Watson = 2.10). Subjects with low back pain (LBP) had a higher weight, body max index, and hip girth than subjects without pain (p < 0.05). A misalignment in the lumbar spine was associated with LBP for males (Cramer’s V = 0.204, p = 0.022). In conclusion, adolescents with SP were older and had a lower HRQL in all dimensions. SP could be predicted according to age and sedentary habits.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Back Pain Related with Age, Anthropometric Variables, Sagittal Spinal Curvatures, Hamstring Extensibility, Physical Activity and Health Related Quality of Life in Male and Female High School Students

González-Gálvez

López-Vivancos

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

“…The significance level was set at a = 0.05. The standard deviation (SD) was established based on previous studies for the passive straight leg raise (PSLR) test (mean SD = 16.67) (Gómez-Lozano et al, 2012;Koutedakis et al, 2007); active straight leg raise (ASLR) test (mean SD = 18.7) (Agopyan, 2018); score in sit-and-reach (SR) test (mean SD = 4.24) (Claessens et al, 1987;Gómez-Lozano et al, 2012;Oreb et al, 2006); pelvic tilt in SR test (mean SD = 17.6) (Gómez-Lozano et al, 2012); score in toe-touch (TT) test (mean SD = 7.28) (González-Gálvez, Marcos-Pardo & Carrasco-Poyatos, 2019); and pelvic tilt in TT test (mean SD = 12.68) (Chatfield et al, 1990). With an estimated error (d) of 3.91 in PLSR, 4.38 in ALSR, 0.99 cm in the score of the SR test, 4.11 in the pelvic tilt of the SR test, 1.70 cm in the score of the TT test and 2.96 in the pelvic tilt of the TT test, a valid sample size for a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was 70 for each group.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hamstring extensibility differences among elite adolescent and young dancers of different dance styles and non-dancers

Molina-Castillo

López-Miñarro

et al. 2020

PeerJ

Background Hamstrings have been analyzed extensively due to their tendency to shorten and their effect in the lumbo-pelvic dynamics and the sagittal position of the spine in trunk flexion with extended knees positions. It has been demonstrated that practicing a certain sport results in long-term changes in hamstring extensibility. Despite this, adequate extensibility of the hamstring musculature is essential for the dancer’s performance. Several studies have found differences in the extensibility of the hamstrings depending on the dance style, but none have compared ballet, Spanish dance and modern dance. The purpose of the present research was to analyze the differences in hamstring extensibility among professional dance students based on dance style practiced and non-dancers. Methods The sample was comprised of 210 students from the Professional Dance Conservatory (70 for ballet, 70 for Spanish dance and 70 for modern dance) and 70 non-dancers. For the assessment of hamstring extensibility, the angle in the passive and active straight leg raise (PSLR and ASLR, respectively) test, and the scores of the pelvic tilt in sit-and-reach (SR) test and the toe-touch (TT) test were randomly conducted. Results The results showed significant differences for all the tests according to group (p < 0.001). In the PSLR and ASLR test, for both legs, and in the pelvic tilt in the SR test, the ballet dancers showed greater ranges of hamstring extensibility than the modern dancers and Spanish dancers (p ≤ 0.001). In the distance in the SR test and in the pelvic tilt in the TT test, the ballet dancers obtained higher values than the Spanish dancers (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively). The modern dancers showed higher ranges of hip flexion than the Spanish dancers in the ASLR test for both legs and in the pelvic tilt in the SR test (p from 0.007 to <0.001). Dancers showed significantly higher hamstring extensibility than non-dancers in all the tests (p < 0.001). Conclusions The systematic practice of dance, regardless of the style, seems to lead to high ranges of hamstring extensibility. Ballet dancers have the greatest hamstring extensibility.

“…No en vano, aquellas investigaciones que han tratado de aumentar el conocimiento de los niños y adolescentes sobre los factores asociados al dolor de espalda han demostrado que, si bien este tipo de intervenciones son eficientes desde el punto de vista de aumento de la concienciación de la población, rara vez conducen a un cambio real de los hábitos de vida de la población escolar (Rodríguez-Oviedo et al, 2011). Por otra parte, otras investigaciones han analizado los efectos de la realización de intervenciones basadas en ejercicios específicos para la prevención del dolor de espalda, trabajando contenidos como la extensibilidad isquiosural (EI), la fuerza del tronco o la morfología corporal (González et al, 2019). Sin embargo, los efectos de estos estudios son contradictorios, sobre todo a largo plazo, por lo que se precisa de un mayor conocimiento sobre los factores asociados a la incidencia de dolor de espalda en periodos de crecimiento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dolor de espalda en adolescentes: factores asociados desde un enfoque multifactorial (Back pain in adolescents: associated factors with a multifactorial approach)

González-Gálvez¹,

Poyatos

et al. 2022

Retos

Self Cite

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar la prevalencia del dolor de espalda en adolescentes y hallar la relación entre el dolor de espalda y algunos factores asociados. La muestra estuvo constituida por 57 escolares con una edad media de 14,11±0,43 años. Se tomaron los datos relativos al peso y la talla, con los que se calculó el IMC; se administró la encuesta sobre el dolor de espalda en adolescentes para conocer los hábitos sobre práctica deportiva, sedentarismo, forma de llevar la mochila y dolor de espalda; y se midió la fuerza flexora y extensora del tronco y la flexibilidad de la musculatura isquiosural. Se encontró que el 43,86% de los sujetos habían sufrido dolor de espalda en algún momento de sus vidas, siendo el dolor lumbar el más habitual (36,84%). Entre un 15 y 25% aproximadamente de los adolescentes habían visitado al médico de cabecera o al fisioterapeuta a causa del dolor de espalda a lo largo de su vida. Se encontró cierta tendencia, sin que hubiera diferencias significativas, a que la presencia de dolor de espalda fuera mayor entre los practicantes de deporte (r=0,250; p=0,059), especialmente entre los que practicaban menos horas a la semana (r=0,348; p=0,076). Los escolares que presentaron dolor de espalda tenían tendencia a presentar menos fuerza flexora y extensora del tronco y una menor extensibilidad de la musculatura isquiosural, sin que hubiera diferencias significativas entre grupos (p>0,05). El sexo, el tiempo en actividades sedentarias, la forma de llevar la mochila y el IMC tampoco se relacionaron con el dolor de espalda (p>0,05). En conclusión, la práctica de deporte, la fuerza del tronco y la extensibilidad isquiosural son variables que podrían afectar a la incidencia de dolor de espalda en adolescentes. Abstract. The objective of the current study was to analyze the prevalence of spine pain in adolescents and to show the relationship between back pain and some associated factors. The sample consisted of 57 schoolchildren, mean age 14.11±0.43 years-old. Body mass and height were measured to calculate BMI; the survey about back pain in adolescents was completed to register the prevalence of PA, sedentary lifestyle, way of carrying a backpack and spine pain; and the strength of the flexor and extensor muscles and hamstring extensibility was evaluated. It was found that a 43.86% of the subjects had spine pain, with low back pain as the most common (36.84%). Approximately 15 to 25% of the adolescents had visited the family doctor or physiotherapist because of spine pain throughout their lives. A tendency, with no significant differences, was found for a greater presence of spine pain in sport practitioners (r=0.250; p=0.059), especially among those who practiced fewer hours a week (r=0.348; p=0.076). The schoolchildren who presented spine pain tended to have less flexor and extensor strength of the trunk and less hamstring extensibility, with no significant differences between groups (p>0.05). Sex, time spent in sedentary activities, way of carrying a backpack and BMI were not related to spine pain (p>0.05). In conclusion, the sport practice, trunk strength and hamstring extensibility are variables that could affect the incidence of spine pain in adolescents.