'Functional' haplodiploidy

Brun, Luc-Olivier; Borsa, Philippe; Gaudichon, V.; Stuart, Jeffrey J.; Aronstein, Kate; Coustau, Christine; ffrench‐Constant, Richard H.

doi:10.1038/374506a0

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Branches marked C' are supported by co1 only if the incongruently placed taxon Pityogenes hopkinsi is excluded. Genera in which the genetic system has been investigated (Brun et al 1995;Kirkendall 1993;Smith & Virkki 1978) are marked H (haplodiploid), XY (diplodiploid; males are heterogametic, with X and parachute y sex chromosomes), or PGE. Except within the genus Ips, which has a few polyploid, apomictic, pseudogamous lineages not indicated here, no variation is known within genera for the cytogenetic characters reported.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Ecology and Diversi¢cation Of Haplodiploid Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For an inbreeding species in one of these tribes (Cryphalini), males have now been found to be diploid, but to have a paternal genome that is not expressed and is eliminated in spermatogenesis (Brun et al 1995), a system sometimes termed pseudoarrhenotoky or paternal genome elimination (PGE) (Herrick & Seger 1999). For the inbreeders in two other tribes (Corthylini and Hyorrhynchini) nothing is known of the cytogenetic mechanism of male production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of a haplodiploid beetle lineage

Normark

Jordal

Farrell

1999

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

137

107

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The beetle family Scolytidae includes several groups having regular sib-mating and extremely femalebiased sex ratios. Two such groups are known to include haplodiploid species: (i) the tribe Xyleborini and (ii) Coccotrypes and related genera within the tribe Dryocoetini. Relationships of these groups have been controversial. We analysed elongation factor 1-a (852 bp) and cytochrome oxidase 1 (1179 bp) sequences for 40 species. The most-parsimonious trees imply a single origin of haplodiploidy uniting Xyleborini (approximately 1200 species) and sib-mating Dryocoetini (approximately 160 species). The sister-group of the haplodiploid clade is the outcrossing genus Dryocoetes. The controversial genus Premnobius is outside the haplodiploid clade. Most haplodiploid scolytids exploit novel resources, ambrosia fungi or seeds, but a few have the ancestral habit of feeding on phloem. Thus, scolytids provide the clearest example of W. D. Hamilton's scenario for the evolution of haplodiploidy (life under bark leading to inbreeding and hence to female-biased sex ratios through haplodiploidy) and now constitute a unique opportunity to study diplodiploid and haplodiploid sister-lineages in a shared ancestral habitat. There is some evidence of sex determination by maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria, which may explain the consistency with which female-biased sex ratios and close inbreeding have been maintained.

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Section: Discussion (A) Ecology and Diversi¢cation Of Haplodiploid Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of a haplodiploid beetle lineage

Normark

Jordal

Farrell

1999

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

137

107

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“…First, unfertilized eggs are inviable (unpublished observations). Second, preliminary cytological investigation suggests that both males and females are diploid (2). Furthermore, haplodiploidy has not been associated with the subfamily Cryaphilini, to which H. hampei belongs (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional haplodiploidy: a mechanism for the spread of insecticide resistance in an important international insect pest.

Brun

Stuart

Gaudichon

et al. 1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is the most important insect pest of coffee worldwide and has an unusual life history that ensures a high degree of inbreeding. Individual females lay a predominantly female brood within individual coffee berries and because males are flightless there is almost entirely full sib mating. We investigated the genetics associated with this interesting life history after the important discovery of resistance to the cyclodiene type insecticide endosulfan. Both the inheritance of the resistance phenotype and the resistance-associated point mutation in the y-aminobutyric acid receptor gene Rdl were examined. Consistent with haplodiploidy, males failed to express and transmit paternally derived resistance alleles. Furthermore, while cytological examination revealed that males are diploid, one set of chromosomes was condensed, and probably nonfunctional, in the somatic cells of all males examined. Moreover, although two sets of chromosomes were present in primary spermatocytes, the chromosomes failed to pair before the single meiotic division, and only one set was packaged in sperm. Thus, the coffee berry borer is "functionally" haplodiploid. Its genetics and life history may therefore represent an interesting intermediate step in the evolution of true haplodiploidy. The influence of this breeding system on the spread of insecticide resistance is discussed.

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“…Under bark (?) (Mound 1974) bacteriomes with unidentified bacteria reported by Buchner (1965) (Kirkendall 1993;Brun et al 1995) XY → PGE phloem wood, pith in brood chambers in wood Wolbachia (Vega et al 2002) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Ozopemon ϩ Coccotrypes ϩ Xyleborini (Normark et al 1999;Jordal et al 2002) XY → AR phloem wood in brood chambers under bark (Kirkendall 1993) XY → PGE fungi in rotting wood Wolbachia (Behura et al 2001); the E chromosomes of cecidomyiids (Harris et al 2003) also constitute a maternally inherited genome restricted to the germline Diptera: Sciaridae (Matile 1997) XY → PGE fungi in rotting wood Gram-negative bacteria (Gutzeit et al 1985;Ribeiro and Perondini 1991) to die; Loppin et al 2000Loppin et al , 2001. Wolbachia are already known to modify sperm so that their chromosomes fail to decondense (though admittedly this is known to date only in cytoplasmic-incompatibility-inducing Wolbachia present in the male during spermatogenesis; Reed and Werren 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplodiploidy as an Outcome of Coevolution Between Male-Killing Cytoplasmic Elements and Their Hosts

Normark¹

2004

Evolution

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Abstract. Haplodiploidy (encompassing both arrhenotoky and paternal genome elimination) could have originated from coevolution between male-killing endosymbiotic bacteria and their hosts. In insects, haplodiploidy tends to arise in lineages that rely on maternally transmitted bacteria for nutrition and that have gregarious broods in which competition between siblings may occur. When siblings compete, there is strong selection on maternally transmitted elements to kill males. I consider a hypothetical bacterial phenotype that renders male zygotes effectively haploid by preventing chromosome decondensation in male-determining sperm nuclei. By causing high male mortality, such a phenotype can be advantageous to the bacterial lineage. By eliminating paternal genes, it can also be advantageous to the host female. A simple model shows that the host female will benefit under a wide range of values for the efficiency of resource re-allocation, the efficiency of transmission, and the viability of haploid males. This hypothesis helps to explain the ecological correlates of the origins of haplodiploidy, as well as such otherwise puzzling phenomena as obligate cannibalism by male Micromalthus beetles, reversion to diploidy by aposymbiotic male stictococcid scale insects, and the bizarre genomic constitution of scale insect bacteriomes.

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'Functional' haplodiploidy

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Origin of a haplodiploid beetle lineage

Origin of a haplodiploid beetle lineage

Functional haplodiploidy: a mechanism for the spread of insecticide resistance in an important international insect pest.

Haplodiploidy as an Outcome of Coevolution Between Male-Killing Cytoplasmic Elements and Their Hosts

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