Functional degradation of visual cortical cells in old cats

Ting, Hua; Li, Xiangrui; He, Liangguo; Zhou, Yifeng; Wang, Yongchang; Leventhal, Audie G.

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.11.012

Cited by 134 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Similarly, age-related increases in the ratio of spiking variability to mean spike rate (Yang et al, 2009) and in spontaneous neuronal background activity (Hua et al, 2006) have been found in the visual cortex of monkeys. These results support the notion of a decreasing signalto-noise ratio in the aging brain and thus more dispersed representations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Evidence from animal models (Hua et al, 2006;Liang et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2009) has suggested higher levels of neural noise in the aging nervous system. In addition, age-comparative functional neuroimaging studies in humans have supported the prediction that neural distinctiveness decreases from early to late adulthood Carp et al, 2011;Goh et al, 2010;Park et al, 2004;Payer et al, 2006;Voss et al, 2008).…”

Section: Rationale and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normal aging increases discriminal dispersion in visuospatial short-term memory.

Noack¹,

Lövdén²,

Lindenberger³

2012

Psychology and Aging

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Computational models of cognitive aging propose that age-related decrements in cognitive performance, including short-term memory (STM), result from less distinct stimulus representations. When applied to visual STM, these models predict higher discriminal dispersion (L. L. Thurstone, 1927, Psychophysical analysis, The American Journal of Psychology, 38, in older adults than in younger adults. To test this prediction, we used a change-detection paradigm for visuospatial locations, with different levels of cognitive load (one, three, or five items) and retention interval (100 or 1,000 ms). Adult age differences were not reliable at Load 1, but were substantial at Loads 3 and 5. Effects of retention time did not differ across age groups, suggesting that age-related differences originated mainly from early processing stages. Applying a mixture model to the data revealed age-related increases in discriminal dispersion and decreases in asymptotic discrimination performance (indexing STM capacity). We concluded that age-related declines in discriminal dispersion, in addition to increasing capacity limitations, impair visual STM performance with advancing adult age.

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mentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Rationale and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal aging increases discriminal dispersion in visuospatial short-term memory.

Noack¹,

Lövdén²,

Lindenberger³

2012

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies dealing with age-related changes in the mammalian visual system have concluded that these are primarily cortical in nature (5,(34)(35)(36). Moreover, these studies emphasized the debilitating effects of the age-related changes, in particular the loss of orientation selectivity by cortical neurons, which appears to reflect a decrease in GABA-dependent neural communication (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrites of rod bipolar cells sprout in normal aging retina

Liets

Eliasieh

List

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

101

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The aging nervous system is known to manifest a variety of degenerative and regressive events. Here we report the unexpected growth of dendrites in the retinas of normal old mice. The dendrites of many rod bipolar cells in aging mice were observed to extend well beyond their normal strata within the outer plexiform layer to innervate the outer nuclear layer where they appeared to form contacts with the spherules of rod photoreceptors. Such dendritic sprouting increased with age and was evident at all retinal eccentricities. These results provide evidence of retinal plasticity associated with normal aging.plasticity ͉ senescence ͉ visual system

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“…However, might visual acuity be reduced in the aged cockroach? Visual abilities decline during normal aging in humans (Haegerstron-Portnoy et al 1999), monkeys (Schmolesky et al 2000), cats (Hua et al 2006), and rats (Muir et al 1999;Wang et al 2006), although a body of evidence from anatomical and morphological studies of aged retinas and subcortical areas provides little explanation for many of the perceptual deficits ). Likewise, if there are visual defects in cockroaches, these are not resolved by comparable neuroanatomical analyses of optic lobe neuropils.…”

Section: Cockroach Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

Brown

Strausfeld²

2009

Learn. Mem.

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Neuronal modifications that accompany normal aging occur in brain neuropils and might share commonalties across phyla including the most successful group, the Insecta. This study addresses the kinds of neuronal modifications associated with loss of memory that occur in the hemimetabolous insect Periplaneta americana. Among insects that display considerable longevity, the American cockroach lives up to 64 wk and reveals specific cellular alterations in its mushroom bodies, higher centers that have been shown to be associated with learning and memory. The present results describe a vision-based learning paradigm, based on a modified Barnes maze, that compares memory in young (10-wk old), middle-aged (30-wk old), and aged adults (50-wk old). We show that not only is the performance of this task during the 14 training trials significantly decremented in aged cockroaches, but that aged cockroaches show significant impairment in successfully completing a crucial test involving cue rotation. Light and electron microscopical examination of the brains of these different age groups reveal major changes in neuron morphology and synaptology in the mushroom body lobes, centers shown to underlie place memory in this taxon.

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Functional degradation of visual cortical cells in old cats

Cited by 134 publications

References 68 publications

Normal aging increases discriminal dispersion in visuospatial short-term memory.

Normal aging increases discriminal dispersion in visuospatial short-term memory.

Dendrites of rod bipolar cells sprout in normal aging retina

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

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