Functional Connectivity of the Human Red Nucleus in the Brain Resting State at 3T

Nioche, Christophe; Cabanis, E. A.; Habas, Christophe

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a1375

Cited by 76 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Although the high resolution of our new scanner may positively affect the counting in the deep brain structures, it is unlikely to affect the correlation among the deep brain structures. Our results were in line with the previous investigations using a high-resolution ECAT HRRT scanner (CTI/Siemens) (9) and functional MR imaging (fMRI) (5). Unlike the previous investigation, however, our study revealed functional correlations between the RNs and association cortices.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The current report is, to our knowledge, the first to reveal metabolic correlation between RNs and other brain regions. Using an fMRI, Nioche et al investigated a similar functional association between RNs and other cortical structures and suggested possible networks in which the RNs and the cerebral association areas are involved (5). The results of the present study are in line with theirs from the standpoint that the RNs had a functional network with associative cortical and limbic areas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Using 3-T MR imaging, Nioche et al reported a cognitive role of the RN, probably related to salience detection and executive control (5). During the brain resting state, the RN displayed strong functional coherence with associative prefrontal, insular, temporal, and parietal cortices; the thalamus; and the hypothalamus but not with the sensorimotor cortex (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Activity of Red Nucleus and Its Correlation with Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum: A Study Using a High-Resolution Semiconductor PET System

et al. 2015

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The red nucleus (RN) is a pair of small gray matter structures located in the midbrain and involved in muscle movement and cognitive functions. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the metabolism of human RN and its correlation to other brain regions. Methods:We developed a high-resolution semiconductor PET system to image small brain structures. Twenty patients without neurologic disorders underwent whole-brain scanning after injection of 400 MBq of 18 F-FDG. The individual brain 18 F-FDG PET images were spatially normalized to generate a surface projection map using a 3-dimensional stereotactic surface projection technique. The correlation between the RN and each voxel on the cerebral and cerebellar cortices was estimated with Pearson product-moment correlation analysis. Results: Both right and left RNs were visualized with higher uptake than that in the background midbrain. The maximum standardized uptake values of RN were 7.64 ± 1.92; these were higher than the values for the dentate nucleus but lower than those for the caudate nucleus, putamen, and thalamus. The voxel-by-voxel analysis demonstrated that the right RN was correlated more with ipsilateral association cortices than contralateral cortices, whereas the left RN was equally correlated with ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. The left RN showed a stronger correlation with the motor cortices and cerebellum than the right RN did. Conclusion: Although nonspecific background activity around RNs might have influenced the correlation patterns, these metabolic relationships suggested that RN cooperates with association cortices and limbic areas to conduct higher brain functions. Ther ed nucleus (RN) is a pair of small gray matter structures located in the midbrain. The RN sends efferent axons to the contralateral spinal cord, forming a route known as the rubrospinal tract (1). The rubrospinal tract mainly controls limb musculature, whereas the pyramidal tract can act on the whole musculature (1). A recent anatomic study indicated that a significant amount of rubrospinal tract is present in the human brain (2). Because neuronal activity of the RN in Parkinson disease is known to be increased during passive and voluntary movements (3), the RN may play a role in the coordination of muscular movement. Cognitive symptoms, such as intellectual fatigability, decreased verbal fluency, and discrete memory impairment, have been reported in relation to RN infarction (4).Using 3-T MR imaging, Nioche et al. reported a cognitive role of the RN, probably related to salience detection and executive control (5). During the brain resting state, the RN displayed strong functional coherence with associative prefrontal, insular, temporal, and parietal cortices; the thalamus; and the hypothalamus but not with the sensorimotor cortex (5). 18 F-FDG PET has been used for correlational analyses of regional metabolic rates to characterize relations among different brain regions (6,7). In general, regional functional correlation of the resting brain can be better demonst...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Metabolic Activity of Red Nucleus and Its Correlation with Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum: A Study Using a High-Resolution Semiconductor PET System

et al. 2015

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“…This approach has recently helped to clarify the functional connectivity of several brain regions, including the thalamus [21], insula [22], striatum [23], anterior cingulate cortex [24], red nucleus [25], cerebellum [26], and amygdala [27]. These findings have been shown to be consistent with meta-analyses of human functional imaging data [28,29] and anatomical data from humans [30,31], non-human primates [32] and rodents [33].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

022 Functional connectivity of the posteromedial cortex

Cavanna¹,

Geminiani²,

D’Agata³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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As different areas within the PMC have different connectivity patterns with various cortical and subcortical regions, we hypothesized that distinct functional modules may be present within the PMC. Because the PMC appears to be the most active region during resting state, it has been postulated to play a fundamental role in the control of baseline brain functioning within the default mode network (DMN). Therefore one goal of this study was to explore which components of the PMC are specifically involved in the DMN. In a sample of seventeen healthy volunteers, we performed an unsupervised voxelwise ROI-based clustering based on resting state functional connectivity. Our results showed four clusters with different network connectivity. Each cluster showed positive and negative correlations with cortical regions involved in the DMN. Progressive shifts in PMC functional connectivity emerged from anterior to posterior and from dorsal to ventral ROIs. Ventral posterior portions of PMC were found to be part of a network implicated in the visuo-spatial guidance of movements, whereas dorsal anterior portions of PMC were interlinked with areas involved in attentional control. Ventral retrosplenial PMC selectively correlated with a network showing considerable overlap with the DMN, indicating that it makes essential contributions in self-referential processing, including autobiographical memory processing. Finally, ventral posterior PMC was shown to be functionally connected with a visual network. The paper represents the first attempt to provide a systematic, unsupervised, voxelwise clustering of the human posteromedial cortex (PMC), using resting-state functional connectivity data. Moreover, a ROI-based parcellation was used to confirm the results.

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“…There is at least one system involved in salience and executive control of which the claustrum is an integral part, and that is the rubral network based on the red nucleus. This consists, in addition to the red nucleus, the cerebellum, mesencephalon, substantia nigra, hypothalamus, pallidum, thalamus, insula, claustrum, posterior hippocampus, precuneus, and occipital, prefrontal, and fronto-opercular cortices (Nioche et al, 2009). Little is known about the functions of this circuit.…”

Section: The Saliency Detection Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%